ArticleTraffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)2014
Multiple domains of tetanus toxin direct entry into primary neurons.
Article in Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Structures of native SV2A reveal the binding mode for tetanus neurotoxin and anti-epileptic racetams.Nature communications · 2025Article
- High-Throughput IgG Epitope Mapping of Tetanus Neurotoxin: Implications for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Design.Toxins · 2023Article
- Similarity and Diversity of Presynaptic Molecules at Neuromuscular Junctions and Central Synapses.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Carboxypeptidase E Regulates Activity-Dependent TrkB Neuronal Surface Insertion and Hippocampal Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Characterization and evaluation of the enzymatic activity of tetanus toxin submitted to cobalt-60 gamma radiation.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins.Annual review of biochemistry · 2019Review
- The structure of the tetanus toxin reveals pH-mediated domain dynamics.EMBO reports · 2017Article
- A Heterologous Reporter Defines the Role of the Tetanus Toxin Interchain Disulfide in Light-Chain Translocation.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tetanus toxin elicits spastic paralysis by cleaving VAMP-2 to inhibit neurotransmitter release in inhibitory neurons of the central nervous system. As the retrograde transport of tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) from endosomes has been described, the initial steps that define how TeNT initiates trafficking to the retrograde system are undefined. This study examines TeNT entry into primary cultured cortical neurons by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. The initial association of TeNT with the plasma membrane was dependent upon ganglioside binding, but segregated from synaptophysin1 (Syp1), a synaptic vesicle (SV) protein. TeNT entry was unaffected by membrane depolarization and independent of SV cycling, whereas entry of the receptor-binding domain of TeNT (HCR/T) was stimulated by membrane depolarization and inhibited by blocking SV cycling. Measurement of the incidence of colocalization showed that TeNT segregated from Syp1, whereas HCR/T colocalized with Syp1. These studies show that while the HCR defines the initial association of TeNT with the cell membrane, regions outside the HCR define how TeNT enters neurons independent of SV cycling. This provides a basis for the unique entry of botulinum toxin and tetanus toxin into neurons.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.