ReviewEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2014
Antenatal depression and children's developmental outcomes: potential mechanisms and treatment options.
Review in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of clinical psychological guidance for perinatal mental health.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Navigating through motherhood in pregnancy and postpartum periods during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis.Journal of nursing management · 2022Pooled it
- Characteristics of maternal depression and children's functioning: A meta-analytic review.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2022Pooled it
- Role of psychotherapy on antenatal depression, anxiety, and maternal quality of life: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Prenatal Attachment and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- The impact of maternal prenatal and postnatal anxiety on children's emotional problems: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Antenatal depressed mood and child cognitive and physical growth at 18-months in South Africa: a cluster randomised controlled trial of home visiting by community health workers.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2018Trial
- Effects of a Prenatal Anxiety Randomized Controlled Trial Intervention on Infant Development in Pakistan.Academic pediatricsTrial
- Maternal antenatal depression and offspring DNA methylation.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- The impact of maternal depression and anxiety on well-baby visit attendance: a retrospective cohort study of 6,699 PRAMS participants from 2016-2021.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms Amongst Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Quaternary Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Interplay between Maternal Depression and ADHD Symptoms in Predicting Emotional and Attentional Functioning in Toddlerhood.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Women with depression in pregnancy or a history of depression have decreased quality of mentalization in the speech to their infants.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2024Article
- Food Insecurity Is Associated with Diet Quality in Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Combining the Antenatal Risk Questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Early Pregnancy in Danish Antenatal Care-A Qualitative Descriptive Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Perinatal depression trajectories and child development at one year: a study in China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- A Longitudinal Study of Maternal Postnatal Bonding and Psychosocial Factors that Contribute to Social-Emotional Development.Child psychiatry and human development · 2024Article
- Family Functioning, Maternal Depression, and Adolescent Cognitive Flexibility and Its Associations with Adolescent Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
During the last decade there has been increased recognition of the prevalence of antenatal depression as well as an expansion in research examining the impact of maternal mood during pregnancy on offspring development. The aim of this review was to summarise the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence regarding the impact of antenatal depression on children's developmental outcomes. Biological mechanisms hypothesised to account for an association between antenatal depression and adverse offspring outcomes are first identified including the functioning of the prenatal Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis and epigenetic processes. A systematic literature search is then conducted of studies examining the impact of antenatal depression on child development. In general, studies examining associations between antenatal depression and offspring temperament, cognitive and emotional outcomes reveal either no effect of the prenatal environment or small effects that often attenuate following adjustment for other antenatal and postnatal risk factors. In contrast, an independent effect of antenatal depression on children's conduct problems and antisocial behaviour is a well-replicated finding. There is emerging evidence that exposure to depression during pregnancy impacts negatively on offspring biology, although the findings are complex and require replication. Psychological and pharmacological treatments of antenatal depression are then reviewed, considering whether antidepressant medication exerts harmful effects on the foetus. We close by proposing that antenatal depression is an early marker of a developmental cascade to future mental health problems for both mothers and offspring.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.