ArticleMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2014
The effect of immune microenvironment on the progression and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Article in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interleukin-17A mRNA Expression is Associated with the Prognosis of Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Meta-Analysis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- LAG-3Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of Lymphocyte-Activation Gene 3 (LAG3) in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Pooled it
- Nivolumab and Relatlimab for the Treatment of Patients with Unresectable or Metastatic Mismatch Repair-Proficient Colorectal Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- Clinical and immunological implications of lymphocyte-activation gene 3 expression in metastatic colorectal cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- LAG-3Immunology · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint TIM-3 in tumor immunotherapy.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026Review
- Emerging new immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumor immunotherapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Rationale of using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anti-angiogenic agents in cancer treatment from a molecular perspective.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Density of T-cell Subsets in Colorectal Cancer in Relation to Disease-Specific Survival.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Expression and Clinical Significance of CXCR5 and LAG-3 on Peripheral Blood CD8The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Unraveling Th subsets: insights into their role in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Article
- Gram-Negative Microflora Dysbiosis Facilitates Tumor Progression and Immune Evasion by Activating the CCL3/CCL5-CCR1-MAPK-PD-L1 Pathway in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2025Article
- Differences in the peripheral blood immune landscape between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Single-cell sequencing reveals the tumor immune microenvironment in thyroid cancer: a narrow review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of immune checkpoint molecules in cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cellular mechanisms of combining innate immunity activation with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in treatment of colorectal cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Deciphering LAG-3: unveiling molecular mechanisms and clinical advancements.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Act1 drives chemoresistance via regulation of antioxidant RNA metabolism and redox homeostasis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer cells may escape from host immune responses through active suppression of the immune response, but the detailed mechanisms in colorectal cancer remain to be elucidated. In this study, 108 colorectal tumor samples and their peritumoral tissues were collected for immunohistochemistry of infiltrating lymphocytes. Th1 and Tregs cells were determined by the positive expression of T-bet and FOXP3 proteins, respectively. The Tr1 cells were identified by CD49b and LAG-3 protein expression. IL-17-positive cells were identified by IL-17 expression. Results showed that the percentage of T-bet-positive cells was significantly decreased, while the percentages of IL-17-, FOXP3-, CD49b-, and LAG-3-positive cells were significantly increased in tumor tissues compared to that in peritumoral tissues. The ratio of IL-17-, FOXP3-, CD49b-, and LAG3-positive cells to T-bet-positive cells was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in peritumoral tissues. The percentage of infiltrating IL-17-positive cells in tumor tissues was negatively associated with lymph metastasis, invasion, and TNM stage. The percentage of CD49b- and LAG-3-positive cells was positively associated with differentiation, lymph metastasis, invasion, TNM, and Duke stage of colorectal cancer. The percentage of positive Th17 and Tr1 cells is a marker for poor prognosis in patients with CRC. In conclusion, decreased composition of regulative Th1 cells and increased composition of FOXP(+) Tregs-, CD49b(+)/LAG-3(+) Tr1-, and IL-17-positive cells in tumor tissues may be associated with the progression of colorectal cancer. The high percentage of IL-17- and Tr1-positive cells in tumor tissues is a predictive marker for poor prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.