ReviewAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2014
Divergent functions of Toll-like receptors during bacterial lung infections.
Review in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Platelet Activating Factor Receptor and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression Increases in the Small Airway Epithelium and Parenchyma of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Implications for Microbial Pathogenesis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of Pulmonary microbiota on lung cancer treatment-related pneumonia.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory approaches in managing lung inflammation in COVID-19: A double-edge sword.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Epithelial STAT3: A New Twist in Inducible Antimicrobial Resistance.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023Article
- TLRs Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Pneumonia before and during COVID-19 Pandemic.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Resolvin D2 promotes host defense in a 2 - hit model of sepsis with secondary lung infection.Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators · 2022Article
- (+)-Borneol inhibits the generation of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Host defense against the infection ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Dysregulation of NK and CD8Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Fructo-Oligosaccharides in a Calf Lung Infection Model and inNutrients · 2021Article
- Innate immunity, inflammation activation and heat-shock protein in COVID-19 pathogenesis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2021Review
- Review
- Innate Receptor Activation Patterns Involving TLR and NLR Synergisms in COVID-19, ALI/ARDS and Sepsis Cytokine Storms: A Review and Model Making Novel Predictions and Therapeutic Suggestions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Role of Innate Immunity in Pulmonary Infections.BioMed research international · 2021Review
- The Lung Microbiome: A Central Mediator of Host Inflammation and Metabolism in Lung Cancer Patients?Cancers · 2020Review
- The lung microbiota: role in maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis and its implications in cancer development and therapy.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Review
- Toll-like Receptor 8 Stability Is Regulated by Ring Finger 216 in Response to Circulating MicroRNAs.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract infections caused by bacteria are a major cause of death in humans irrespective of sex, race, or geography. Indeed, accumulated data indicate greater mortality and morbidity due to these infections than cancer, malaria, or HIV infection. Successful recognition of, followed by an appropriate response to, bacterial pathogens in the lungs is crucial for effective pulmonary host defense. Although the early recruitment and activation of neutrophils in the lungs is key in the response against invading microbial pathogens, other sentinels, such as alveolar macrophages, epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and CD4(+) T cells, also contribute to the elimination of the bacterial burden. Pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, are important for recognizing and responding to microbes during pulmonary infections. However, bacterial pathogens have acquired crafty evasive strategies to circumvent the pattern recognition receptor response and thus establish infection. Increased understanding of the function of TLRs and evasive mechanisms used by pathogens during pulmonary infection will deepen our knowledge of immunopathogenesis and is crucial for developing effective therapeutic and/or prophylactic measures. This review summarizes current knowledge of the multiple roles of TLRs in bacterial lung infections and highlights the mechanisms used by pathogens to modulate or interfere with TLR signaling in the lungs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.