ArticlePloS one2014
Insights into alpha-hemolysin (Hla) evolution and expression among Staphylococcus aureus clones with hospital and community origin.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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32 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
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- Genomic Insights into Poultry-Associated Staphylococcus Aureus from Haripur, Pakistan.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Prevalence, toxin virulence genes and investigating the effect of mutations in the tetracycline gene (tetK) on the response of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics: a study in sickle cell disease patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025Article
- Quercetin-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth and biofilm formation via downregulation of Coa and Hla genes.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Occurrence and Phenotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-ResistantJournal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- In-silico and in-vitro study of novel antimicrobial peptide AM1 from Aegle marmelos against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Development of a luciferase-based Gram-positive bacterial reporter system for the characterization of antimicrobial agents.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the main causes of bacterial meningitis in duck.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Complex Regulation of Gamma-Hemolysin Expression Impacts Staphylococcus aureus Virulence.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- The Prevalence of the Virulence Genes ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Probiotic disruption of quorum sensing reduces virulence and increases cefoxitin sensitivity in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Inhibition of α-hemolysin activity of Staphylococcus aureus by theaflavin 3,3'-digallate.PloS one · 2023Article
- The survival of epidemic and sporadic MRSA on human skin mimics is determined by both host and bacterial factors.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Article
- Quorum sensing inhibitory potential of vaccenic acid against Chromobacterium violaceum and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Article
- Diversity and pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis: current understanding and future perspectives.BMC veterinary research · 2022Review
- Article
- Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization ofToxins · 2021Observational
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlpha-hemolysin (Hla) is a major virulence factor in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infection, being active against a wide range of host cells. Although hla is ubiquitous in S. aureus, its genetic diversity and variation in expression in different genetic backgrounds is not known. We evaluated nucleotide sequence variation and gene expression profiles of hla among representatives of hospital (HA) and community-associated (CA) S. aureus clones.
methods51 methicillin-resistant S. aureus and 22 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus were characterized by PFGE, spa typing, MLST and SCCmec typing. The internal regions of hla and the hla promoter were sequenced and gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR.
resultsAlpha-hemolysin encoding- and promoter sequences were diverse, with 12 and 23 different alleles, respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we suggest that hla may have evolved together with the S. aureus genetic background, except for ST22, ST121, ST59 and ST93. Conversely, the promoter region showed lack of co-evolution with the genetic backgrounds. Four non-synonymous amino acid changes were identified close to important regions of hla activity. Amino acid changes in the RNAIII binding site were not associated to hla expression. Although expression rates of hla were in general strain-specific, we observed CA clones showed significantly higher hla expression (p = 0.003) when compared with HA clones.
conclusionWe propose that the hla gene has evolved together with the genetic background. Overall, CA genetic backgrounds showed higher levels of hla expression than HA, and a high strain-to-strain variation of gene expression was detected in closely related strains.
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