Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25032494›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of neuroscience2014

Coupling mechanism and significance of the BOLD signal: a status report.

Elizabeth M C Hillman

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 374 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
374citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
16.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

374 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 631 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Review
  8. Article
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    Review
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  11. [Classification of systemic lupus erythematosus resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data based on the end-to-end model].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
    Article
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  16. Field strength dependence, physiologic correlates, and prognostic significance of ventricular blood pool T2 mapping on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2026
    Article
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    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

314 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Elizabeth M C HillmanDepartments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology and the Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027; email: elizabeth.hillman@columbia.edu.
Columbia University · US

Funding

CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024156 · NCRR · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2006 to 2011
$53.0M
In-vivo optical imaging of neurovascular coupling and cerebral metabolismR01NS063226 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI HILLMAN, ELIZABETH M. C. · 2008 to 2019
$3.5M
Imaging the neuronal and metabolic basis of resting state connectivity mappingR01NS076628 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI HILLMAN, ELIZABETH M. C. · 2011 to 2015
$1.7M
A Depth-resolved Voltage Sensitive Dye Imaging SystemR21NS053684 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI HILLMAN, ELIZABETH M. C. · 2006 to 2007
$405k
NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024156NINDS NIH HHS 1R01NS063226NINDS NIH HHS 1R01NS076628NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS063226NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS076628NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS053684NINDS NIH HHS R21NS053684
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a unique view of the working human mind. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal, detected in fMRI, reflects changes in deoxyhemoglobin driven by localized changes in brain blood flow and blood oxygenation, which are coupled to underlying neuronal activity by a process termed neurovascular coupling. Over the past 10 years, a range of cellular mechanisms, including astrocytes, pericytes, and interneurons, have been proposed to play a role in functional neurovascular coupling. However, the field remains conflicted over the relative importance of each process, while key spatiotemporal features of BOLD response remain unexplained. Here, we review current candidate neurovascular coupling mechanisms and propose that previously overlooked involvement of the vascular endothelium may provide a more complete picture of how blood flow is controlled in the brain. We also explore the possibility and consequences of conditions in which neurovascular coupling may be altered, including during postnatal development, pathological states, and aging, noting relevance to both stimulus-evoked and resting-state fMRI studies.

Indexed as

Functional NeuroimagingHemodynamicsMagnetic Resonance ImagingBrainEndothelium, VascularHumansModels, BiologicalastrocytesfMRIneurovascular couplingpericytesvascular endothelium

Identifiers

PMID25032494
PMCPMC4147398
OpenAlexW2135780113

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.