ArticleInternational orthopaedics2014
Simulated microgravity affects chondrogenesis and hypertrophy of human mesenchymal stem cells.
Article in International orthopaedics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advantages and research progress of three-dimensional culture systems for lung cancer drug screening (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Cellular response in three-dimensional spheroids and tissues exposed to real and simulated microgravity: a narrative review.NPJ microgravity · 2024Review
- Mechanical Stimulation of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells for Functional Tissue Engineering of the Musculoskeletal System via Cyclic Hydrostatic Pressure, Simulated Microgravity, and Cyclic Tensile Strain.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Review
- Heterotypic Cell Culture from Mouse Bone Marrow under Simulated Microgravity: Lessons for Stromal Lineage Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Bioreactor Technologies for Enhanced Organoid Culture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Transcriptomic response of bioengineered human cartilage to parabolic flight microgravity is sex-dependent.NPJ microgravity · 2023Article
- Mechanical Unloading of Engineered Human Meniscus Models Under Simulated Microgravity: A Transcriptomic Study.Scientific data · 2022Article
- Engineered Human Meniscus in Modeling Sex Differences of Knee OsteoarthritisFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Microgravity Effects on the Matrisome.Cells · 2021Review
- Tissue Engineering of Cartilage Using a Random Positioning Machine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The effects of microgravity on differentiation and cell growth in stem cells and cancer stem cells.Stem cells translational medicine · 2020Article
- Feasibility, potency, and safety of growing human mesenchymal stem cells in space for clinical application.NPJ microgravity · 2020Article
- Dynamic Compressive Loading Improves Cartilage Repair in an In Vitro Model of Microfracture: Comparison of 2 Mechanical Loading Regimens on Simulated Microfracture Based on Fibrin Gel Scaffolds Encapsulating Connective Tissue Progenitor Cells.The American journal of sports medicine · 2019Article
- LRP receptors in chondrocytes are modulated by simulated microgravity and cyclic hydrostatic pressure.PloS one · 2019Article
- Effects of single and combined low frequency electromagnetic fields and simulated microgravity on gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenesis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDuring in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hypertrophy is an inadvertent event associated with cell differentiation toward the osteogenic lineage. Up to now, there is no stringent experimental control mechanism to prevent hypertrophy of MSCs. Microgravity is known to have an impact on osteogenesis. In this study, the influence of simulated microgravity (SMG) on both chondrogenesis and hypertrophy of hMSCs was evaluated.
methodsA bioreactor using a rotating wall vessel was constructed to simulate microgravity. Pellet cultures formed from hMSCs (P5) were supplemented with human transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3). The hMSC pellet cultures treated with TGF-β3 were either kept in SMG or in a control system. After three weeks of culture, the chondrogenic differentiation status and level of hypertrophy were examined by safranin-O staining, immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR.
resultsSMG reduced the staining for safranin-O and collagen type II. The expression of collagen type X α1 chain (COL10A1) and collagen type II α1 chain (COL2A1) were both significantly reduced. There was a higher decrease in COL2A1 than in COL10A1 expression, resulting in a low COL2A1/COL10A1 ratio.
conclusionsSMG reduced hypertrophy of hMSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. However, the expression of COL2A1 was likewise reduced. Even more, the COL2A1/COL10A1 ratio decreased under SMG conditions. We therefore assume that SMG has a significant impact on the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. However, due to the high COL2A1 suppression under SMG, this culture system does not yet seem to be suitable for a potential application in cartilage repair.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.