ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2014
Using a two-step method to measure transgender identity in Latin America/the Caribbean, Portugal, and Spain.
Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- HIV prevalence in transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Current research gaps: a global systematic review of HIV and sexually transmissible infections among transgender populations.Sexual health · 2017Pooled it
- Global Epidemiology of HIV Infection and Related Syndemics Affecting Transgender People.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Pooled it
- Prevalence of Transgender Depends on the "Case" Definition: A Systematic Review.The journal of sexual medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Towards 'reflexive epidemiology': Conflation of cisgender male and transgender women sex workers and implications for global understandings of HIV prevalence.Global public healthPooled it
- Will all youth answer sexual orientation and gender-related survey questions? An analysis of missingness in a large U.S. survey of adolescents and young adults.Psychological methods · 2026Article
- Examining a multicomponent health promotion intervention among Black same gender loving men in southern ending the HIV epidemic in the U.S. jurisdictions: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- XYGO: proposing a new holistic measure of gender identity and sexual orientation.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Global Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence and Risk Behaviors in Transmasculine Individuals: A Scoping Review.Transgender health · 2025Review
- Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (SOGI): A Tutorial on Ethical Data Practices.Behavior analysis in practice · 2025Article
- Demographic Differences in Responses to a Two-Step Gender Identity Measure.Sociological science · 2025Article
- Disentangling gender, sex, and biology: a mixed methods study of gender identity data collection tools.Patient education and counseling · 2025Article
- Gender Minority Stressors and Psychological Distress Among Chinese Transgender and Gender Diverse People: Variable-Centered, Person-Centered, and Psychological Network Approaches.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- An Automated Algorithm for Classifying Expansive Responses for Gender Identity.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2024Article
- Article
- A Relative Value Unit-Based Model for Targeted Nipple-Areola Complex Neurotization in Gender-Affirming Mastectomy.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Access to healthcare among transgender women living with and without HIV in the United States: associations with gender minority stress and resilience factors.BMC public health · 2024Article
- An expert perspective on diversity-oriented standards for assessing sex and gender in clinical research.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Prevalence and Association with Inflammatory Cytokines Among Sexual and Gender Minorities Living With and Without HIV-1 from Lagos, Nigeria.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Few comparative data are available internationally to examine health differences by transgender identity. A barrier to monitoring the health and well-being of transgender people is the lack of inclusion of measures to assess natal sex/gender identity status in surveys. Data were from a cross-sectional anonymous online survey of members (n > 36,000) of a sexual networking website targeting men who have sex with men in Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries/territories in Latin America/the Caribbean, Portugal, and Spain. Natal sex/gender identity status was assessed using a two-step method (Step 1: assigned birth sex, Step 2: current gender identity). Male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) participants were compared to non-transgender males in age-adjusted regression models on socioeconomic status (SES) (education, income, sex work), masculine gender conformity, psychological health and well-being (lifetime suicidality, past-week depressive distress, positive self-worth, general self-rated health, gender related stressors), and sexual health (HIV-infection, past-year STIs, past-3 month unprotected anal or vaginal sex). The two-step method identified 190 transgender participants (0.54%; 158 MTF, 32 FTM). Of the 12 health-related variables, six showed significant differences between the three groups: SES, masculine gender conformity, lifetime suicidality, depressive distress, positive self-worth, and past-year genital herpes. A two-step approach is recommended for health surveillance efforts to assess natal sex/gender identity status. Cognitive testing to formally validate assigned birth sex and current gender identity survey items in Spanish and Portuguese is encouraged.
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Registered trials
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