ArticleAIDS (London, England)2014
High-risk enteric pathogens associated with HIV infection and HIV exposure in Kenyan children with acute diarrhoea.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-positive patients and related risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2020Pooled it
- A Meta-analysis Assessing Diarrhea and Pneumonia in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Compared With HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Infants and Children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions to reduce post-acute consequences of diarrheal disease in children: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Use, Acceptability, Performance, and Health Impact of Hollow Fiber Ultrafilters for Water Treatment in Rural Kenyan Households, 2009-2011.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Brief Report: Cofactors of Mortality Among Hospitalized HIV-Infected Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Effect of maternal HIV status on the early neonatal microbiome.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- The Incidence and Risk Factors for EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- A prospective study on linking diarrheagenic E. coli with stunted childhood growth in relation to gut microbiome.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Microbiological assessment reveals that Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter infections are widespread in HIV infected and uninfected patients with diarrhea in Mozambique.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli toxins and colonization factors in children under five years with acute diarrhea attending Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal Diseases in Children Living with HIV.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Occurrence of various viruses and recent evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems.Journal of hazardous materials · 2021Review
- Molecular Characterisation ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Paediatric Enterobacteriaceae infections in hospitalised children in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence and Correlates ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Factors associated with typical enteropathogenicEpidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- The University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences (UZ-CHS) BIRTH COHORT study: rationale, design and methods.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2020Article
- Cryptosporidiosis And Other Intestinal Parasitic Infections And Concomitant Threats Among HIV-Infected Children In Southern Ethiopia Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV infection is an established risk for diarrhoeal severity, less is known about specific enteric pathogens associated with HIV status. We determined associations of selected enteric pathogens with HIV infection and HIV exposure among Kenyan children.
designA cross-sectional study among 6 months to 15 year olds presenting to two Western Kenya District hospitals with acute diarrhoea between 2011 and 2013.
methodsStool was tested using standard bacterial culture and microscopy for ova and parasites. HIV status was obtained from children and mothers. Enteric pathogen prevalence was compared between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children and between HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios for selected pathogens by HIV status were estimated using relative risk (RR) regression. Age, site, income, household crowding, water source/treatment, anthropometrics, cotrimoxazole use and breastfeeding history were accounted for in multivariable models.
resultsAmong 1076 children, median age was 22 months (interquartile range: 11-42 months), 56 (5.2%) were HIV-infected and 105 (11.3%) of 926 HIV-uninfected children in whom maternal HIV status was obtained were HIV-exposed. The following organisms were most frequently isolated from stool: enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (13.3%), Giardia species (spp.) (11.1%), Campylobacter spp. (6.3%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (6.1%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (3.7%). Accounting for age, HIV-infection was associated with typical EPEC infection (prevalence ratio 3.70, P = 0.002) while HIV-exposure was associated with Cryptosporidium among HIV-uninfected children (prevalence ratio 2.81, P = 0.005).
conclusionEPEC and Cryptosporidium infections were more common in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children, respectively. This could explain the increased mortality attributed to these pathogens in other studies. Interventions targeting EPEC and Cryptosporidium may reduce morbidity and mortality in high HIV-prevalence settings.
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