ReviewSeminars in immunology2014
Host protective roles of type 2 immunity: parasite killing and tissue repair, flip sides of the same coin.
Review in Seminars in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 254 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential Risks Related to Modulating Interleukin-13 and Interleukin-4 Signalling: A Systematic Review.Drug safety · 2018Pooled it
- Pathogenic type-2 immunity beyond allergy: the role of Th2 cell heterogeneity in helminth infections.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Activating an interleukin 4-FLT3-STAT6 axis in multipotent progenitors restores lymphopoiesis in inflammation and aging.Immunity · 2026Article
- Eosinophil-associated matrix remodeling in a sterile granulomatous inflammation model: a temporal histopathological analysis.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2026Article
- Relations of residential greenness with immunity and inflammation.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Fine-Mapping and Protective Analysis of Immunodominant Linear B-Cell Epitopes of FimA Antigen of Klebsiella Pneumoniae.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Interplay between obesity-associated insulin resistance and immune system through the lens of evolutionary medicine.Molecular metabolism · 2026Review
- Long-term inhibition of protease hypersensitivity by initial immunological cross-regulation and epigenetic memory in lung stromal cells.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Type 2 lymphocytes restrict type 3 lymphocytes during liver fibrosis and colocalize in fibroblast niches.Science advances · 2026Article
- Immune imbalance between T helper 1, T helper 17 and regulatory T cells fuels amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis: disease trajectory, diagnosis and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Comparison of Th-2 Cytokines and Associated Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood of Resistant and Susceptible Garole Sheep Infected WithJournal of parasitology research · 2026Article
- IL-13 and skin fibrosis in inflammatory skin diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- COX-2/PGE₂ signaling drives Toxocara canis-induced lung pathology by enhancing plasminogen activator activity and collagen VI degradation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Central Role of Th2 Immune Response in Inflammatory Dermatoses: From Pathogenesis to Targeted Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- In vitro cytokine response of circulating mononuclear cells from healthy dogs to stage-specific antigens of Angiostrongylus vasorum.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Tyro3 deletion is protective in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Genetic resistance to vector-borne hemoprotozoa in livestock: molecular markers, host-parasite interactions, and implications for breeding and control.Journal of veterinary science · 2025Review
- Co-Infection Dynamics ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Fh15 as an Antagonist of TLR4 Downregulating the Activation of NF-κB, Inducible Nitric Oxide, Phagosome Signaling Pathways, and Oxidative Stress of LPS-Stimulated Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Profiling of human IL-22+ T cell clones from patients affected with Schistosoma mansoni: Insights into macrophage regulation and liver fibrosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metazoan parasites typically induce a type 2 immune response, characterized by T helper 2 (Th2) cells that produce the cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 among others. The type 2 response is host protective, reducing the number of parasites either through direct killing in the tissues, or expulsion from the intestine. Type 2 immunity also protects the host against damage mediated by these large extracellular parasites as they migrate through the body. At the center of both the innate and adaptive type 2 immune response, is the IL-4Rα that mediates many of the key effector functions. Here we highlight the striking overlap between the molecules, cells and pathways that mediate both parasite control and tissue repair. We have proposed that adaptive Th2 immunity evolved out of our innate repair pathways to mediate both accelerated repair and parasite control in the face of continual assault from multicellular pathogens. Type 2 cytokines are involved in many aspects of mammalian physiology independent of helminth infection. Therefore understanding the evolutionary relationship between helminth killing and tissue repair should provide new insight into immune mechanisms of tissue protection in the face of physical injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.