ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
Mouthing activity data for children aged 7 to 35 months in Taiwan.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development and evaluation of a computer vision algorithm for quantification of children's microactivities.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Application of a computer vision algorithm to quantify the frequency and duration of children's microactivities in different play scenarios.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Videography of pathways for enteric pathogen exposure among children in urban informal settlements in Fiji and Indonesia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Parental reporting of activities relevant for young children's soil/dust ingestion.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of durations and frequencies of mouthing behaviors in children 6 months to 6 years: an advanced videotaping and translation approach.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Methodologies for the collection of parameters to estimate dust/soil ingestion for young children.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Hand-to-Face Contact of Preschoolers during Indoor Activities in Childcare Facilities in the Republic of Korea.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Estimation of Children's Soil and Dust Ingestion Rates and Health Risk at E-Waste Dismantling Area.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Model based prediction of age-specific soil and dust ingestion rates for children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2022Article
- Relationships between Gross Motor Abilities and Sensory Processing in Children Aged 18 to 36 Months.Physical therapy research · 2021Article
- Soil, Hand, and Body Adherence Measures across Four Beach Areas: Potential Influence on Exposure to Oil Spill Chemicals.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Development of General Exposure Factors for Risk Assessment in Korean Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Age-related changes to environmental exposure: variation in the frequency that young children place hands and objects in their mouths.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- Health Risks for Sanitation Service Workers along a Container-Based Urine Collection System and Resource Recovery Value Chain.Environmental science & technology · 2019Article
- Characterization of age-based trends to identify chemical biomarkers of higher levels in children.Environment international · 2019Article
- Soil-to-skin adherence during different activities for children in Taiwan.Environmental research · 2018Article
- Determination of hand soil loading, soil transfer, and particle size variations after hand-pressing and hand-mouthing activities.The Science of the total environment · 2018Article
- Mouthing activity data for children age 3 to <6 years old and fraction of hand area mouthed for children age <6 years old in Taiwan.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2018Article
- Oral Contact Events and Caregiver Hand Hygiene: Implications for Fecal-Oral Exposure to Enteric Pathogens among Infants 3-9 Months Living in Informal, Peri-Urban Communities in Kisumu, Kenya.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Estimates of Soil Ingestion in a Population of Chinese Children.Environmental health perspectives · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Young children's mouthing activities thought to be among the most important exposure pathways. Unfortunately, mouthing activity studies have only been conducted in a few countries. In the current study, we used videotaping and computer-based translating method to obtain mouthing activity data for 66 children aged 7-35 months in Taiwan. The median indoor hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth frequencies were 8.91 and 11.39 contacts/h, respectively. The median indoor hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth hourly contact durations were 0.34 and 0.46 min/h, respectively. The indoor object-to-mouth activities were significantly and negatively correlated with age. Children aged 12 to <24 months in the current study had lower indoor hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth frequencies than children of same age group in the United States. We also found that indoor mouthing duration with pacifier was significantly and negatively correlated with indoor mouthing duration with other non-dietary objects. The results of the current study indicate that the mouthing behaviors may be different between different countries or populations with different ethnic or lifestyle characteristics. We conclude that using hand-to-mouth frequency values from the current literature may not be most reliable for estimating non-dietary exposures of young children living in Taiwan or even in other similar Asian countries.
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