ArticleThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2014
Intranasal administration as a route for drug delivery to the brain: evidence for a unique pathway for albumin.
Article in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cribriform Plate: A Multifaceted Neuroimmune Hub in CNS Health and Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Physicochemical Stability and Cross-Context Validation of PEGylated Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Dual Neurotrophin Delivery in the Rabbit Eye and Oxidative Stress Models.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- The Nasal-Brain Drug Delivery Route: Mechanisms and Applications to Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Article
- Serum Albumin in Nasal Drug Delivery Systems: Exploring the Role and Application.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Nose to Brain: Exploring the Progress of Intranasal Delivery of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Nose-to-Brain (N2B) Delivery: An Alternative Route for the Delivery of Biologics in the Management and Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Intranasal GHK peptide enhances resilience to cognitive decline in aging mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- The Upper Nasal Space: Option for Systemic Drug Delivery, Mucosal Vaccines and "Nose-to-Brain".Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Intranasal Microemulsion as an Innovative and Promising Alternative to the Oral Route in Improving Stiripentol Brain Targeting.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Local Delivery Strategies for Peptides and Proteins into the CNS: Status Quo, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The nose has it: Opportunities and challenges for intranasal drug administration for neurologic conditions including seizure clusters.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2023Review
- Nucleic acid-based therapeutics for the treatment of central nervous system disorders.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Intranasal drug delivery: opportunities and toxicologic challenges during drug development.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Review
- Evaluation of Recent Intranasal Drug Delivery Systems to the Central Nervous System.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Drug Delivery Challenges in Brain Disorders across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Novel Methods and Future Considerations for Improved Therapy.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Development of In Situ Gelling Meloxicam-Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticle Formulation for Nose-to-Brain Application.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Intranasal drug delivery for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Characterization of focused ultrasound-mediated brainstem delivery of intranasally administered agents.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A variety of compounds will distribute into the brain when placed at the cribriform plate by intranasal (i.n.) administration. In this study, we investigated the ability of albumin, a protein that can act as a drug carrier but is excluded from brain by the blood-brain barrier, to distribute into the brain after i.n. administration. We labeled bovine serum albumin with [(125)I] ([(125)I]Alb) and studied its uptake into 11 brain regions and its entry into the blood from 5 minutes to 6 hours after i.n. administration. [(125)I]Alb was present throughout the brain at 5 minutes. Several regions showed distinct peaks in uptake that ranged from 5 minutes (parietal cortex) to 60 minutes (midbrain). About 2-4% of the i.n. [(125)I]Alb entered the bloodstream. The highest levels occurred in the olfactory bulb and striatum. Distribution was dose-dependent, with less taken up by whole brain, cortex, and blood at the higher dose of albumin. Uptake was selectively increased into the olfactory bulb and cortex by the fluid-phase stimulator PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), but inhibitors to receptor-mediated transcytosis, caveolae, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase were without effect. Albumin altered the distribution of radioactive leptin given by i.n. administration, decreasing uptake into the blood and by the cerebellum and increasing uptake by the hypothalamus. We conclude that [(125)I]Alb administered i.n. reaches all parts of the brain through a dose-dependent mechanism that may involve fluid-phase transcytosis and, as illustrated by leptin, can affect the delivery of other substances to the brain after their i.n. administration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.