ArticlePloS one2014
Geographic variation in age structure and longevity in the nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius).
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristic spermatogenesis process observed in Gasterosteidae: Considerations from histological observations of the testes and serum androgen levels of nine-spined stickleback, Pungitius sinensis.Journal of fish biology · 2026Article
- Estimating Recent and Historical Effective Population Size of Marine and Freshwater Sticklebacks.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- De Novo Mutation Rates in Sticklebacks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Complex population history affects admixture analyses in nine-spined sticklebacks.Molecular ecology · 2022Article
- Age-dependent genetic architecture across ontogeny of body size in sticklebacks.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Population Structure Limits Parallel Evolution in Sticklebacks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Baiting improves CPUE in nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) minnow trap fishery.Ecology and evolution · 2015Article
- Population divergence in compensatory growth responses and their costs in sticklebacks.Ecology and evolution · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Variation in age and size of mature nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) within and among 16 Fennoscandian populations were assessed using skeletochronology. The average age of individuals in a given population varied from 1.7 to 4.7 years. Fish from pond populations were on average older than those from lake and marine populations, and females tended to be older than males. Reproduction in marine and lake populations commenced typically at an age of two years, whereas that in ponds at an age of three years. The maximum life span of the fish varied from 3 to 7 years. Mean body size within and among populations increased with increasing age, but the habitat and population differences in body size persisted even after accounting for variation in population age (and sex) structure. Hence, the population differences in mean body size are not explainable by age differences alone. As such, much of the pronounced intraspecific variation in population age structure can be attributed to delayed maturation and extended longevity of the pond fish. The results are contrasted and discussed in the context of similar data from the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) occupying the same geographic area.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.