ArticleCarcinogenesis2014
Luteolin, ellagic acid and punicic acid are natural products that inhibit prostate cancer metastasis.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- FXYD5 promotes the growth of glioblastoma by targeting the PI3K/AKT/ACSL4 signaling axis.Oncology reports · 2026Article
- Luteolin as a Cancer Therapeutic: From Preclinical Evidence to Translational Potential.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Review
- Exploring Punicalagin Potential Against Cancers: A Comprehensive Review.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Plant- and Marine-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Prostate Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Extracts Containing Punicic and Ellagic Acid: Addressing Lower Urinary Tract Disorders.Current molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) blockade in cancer treatment.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin on Cancer.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Grape, Pomegranate, Olive, and Tomato By-Products Fed to Dairy Ruminants Improve Milk Fatty Acid Profile without Depressing Milk Production.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Therapeutic Alliance between Pomegranate and Health Emphasizing on Anticancer Properties.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cardio-Oncology: Mechanisms, Drug Combinations, and Reverse Cardio-Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in CXCL12/CXCR4 Antagonists and Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Natural product-based radiopharmaceuticals: Focus on curcumin and its analogs, flavonoids, and marine peptides.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2022Review
- Ellagic Acid: A Review on Its Natural Sources, Chemical Stability, and Therapeutic Potential.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Possible Beneficial Effects of Fresh Pomegranate Juice in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Conditions.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2022Review
- Chemopreventive Potential of Dietary Nanonutraceuticals for Prostate Cancer: An Extensive Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Punicic Acid Triggers Ferroptotic Cell Death in Carcinoma Cells.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Prostate cancer: Therapeutic prospect with herbal medicine.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second cause of cancer deaths in men in the USA. When the cancer recurs, early stages can be controlled with hormone ablation therapy to delay the rate of cancer progression but, over time, the cancer overcomes its hormone dependence, becomes highly aggressive and metastasizes. Clinical trials have shown that pomegranate juice (PJ) inhibits PCa progression. We have previously shown that the PJ components luteolin (L), ellagic acid (E) and punicic acid (P) together inhibit growth of hormone-dependent and -independent PCa cells and inhibit their migration and chemotaxis towards CXCL12, a chemokine that is important in PCa metastasis. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that L+E+P inhibit PCa metastasis in vivo. To test this possibility, we used a severe combined immunodeficiency mouse model in which luciferase-expressing human PCa cells were injected subcutaneously near the prostate. Tumor progression was monitored with bioluminescence imaging weekly. We found that L+E+P inhibits PC-3M-luc primary tumor growth, inhibits the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis for metastasis and none of the tumors metastasized. In addition, L+E+P significantly inhibits growth and metastasis of highly invasive Pten (-/-) ;K-ras (G12D) prostate tumors. Furthermore, L+E+P inhibits angiogenesis in vivo, prevents human endothelial cell (EC) tube formation in culture and disrupts preformed EC tubes, indicating inhibition of EC adhesion to each other. L+E+P also inhibits the angiogenic factors interleukin-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor as well as their induced signaling pathways in ECs. In conclusion, these results show that L+E+P inhibits PCa progression and metastasis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.