Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25023603›Full record

ReviewEpidemiology and infection2015

Harmonizing influenza primary-care surveillance in the United Kingdom: piloting two methods to assess the timing and intensity of the seasonal epidemic across several general practice-based surveillance schemes.

H K Green, A Charlett, J Moran-Gilad, D Fleming, H Durnall, D Rh Thomas, S Cottrell, B Smyth, C Kearns, A J Reynolds and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Epidemiology and infection, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  7. The experience of point-of-care testing for influenza in Scotland in 2017/18 and 2018/19 - no gain without pain.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Transmissibility of influenza during the 21st-century epidemics, Spain, influenza seasons 2001/02 to 2017/18.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Observational
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  17. Observational
  18. Improving regional influenza surveillance through a combination of automated outbreak detection methods: the 2015/16 season in France.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

H K GreenRespiratory Diseases Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London,UK.
A CharlettRespiratory Diseases Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London,UK.
J Moran-GiladRespiratory Diseases Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London,UK.
D FlemingRoyal College of General Practitioners,Birmingham,UK.
H DurnallRoyal College of General Practitioners,Birmingham,UK.
D Rh ThomasPublic Health Wales, Cardiff,UK.
S CottrellPublic Health Wales, Cardiff,UK.
B SmythPublic Health Agency, Belfast, Northern Ireland,UK.
C KearnsPublic Health Agency, Belfast, Northern Ireland,UK.
A J ReynoldsHealth Protection Scotland, Glasgow,UK.
G E SmithPublic Health England, Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Birmingham,UK.
A J ElliotPublic Health England, Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Birmingham,UK.
J EllisPublic Health England Respiratory Virus Unit,Virus Reference Department, Reference Microbiology Services, PHE Colindale, London,UK.
M ZambonPublic Health England Respiratory Virus Unit,Virus Reference Department, Reference Microbiology Services, PHE Colindale, London,UK.
J M WatsonRespiratory Diseases Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London,UK.
J McMenaminHealth Protection Scotland, Glasgow,UK.
R G PebodyRespiratory Diseases Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London,UK.
Public Health England · GBHealth Protection Scotland · GBPublic Health Agency · GBPublic Health Wales · GBRoyal College of General Practitioners · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

General Practitioner consultation rates for influenza-like illness (ILI) are monitored through several geographically distinct schemes in the UK, providing early warning to government and health services of community circulation and intensity of activity each winter. Following on from the 2009 pandemic, there has been a harmonization initiative to allow comparison across the distinct existing surveillance schemes each season. The moving epidemic method (MEM), proposed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control for standardizing reporting of ILI rates, was piloted in 2011/12 and 2012/13 along with the previously proposed UK method of empirical percentiles. The MEM resulted in thresholds that were lower than traditional thresholds but more appropriate as indicators of the start of influenza virus circulation. The intensity of the influenza season assessed with the MEM was similar to that reported through the percentile approach. The MEM pre-epidemic threshold has now been adopted for reporting by each country of the UK. Further work will continue to assess intensity of activity and apply standardized methods to other influenza-related data sources.

Indexed as

Epidemiological MonitoringDisease NotificationHumansInfluenza, HumanPrimary Health CareUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID25023603
PMCPMC9206800
OpenAlexW2317511781

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.