ArticleMolecular vision2014
Upregulation of regulator of G-protein signaling 2 in the sclera of a form deprivation myopic animal model.
Article in Molecular vision, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological mechanisms of atropine in myopia control (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Pooled it
- A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia.Eye & contact lens · 2018Pooled it
- Low-Concentration Atropine (0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%) for Myopia Progression in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Navigating the Core Challenges of Atropine Therapy in Myopia: A Mechanistic and Clinical Analysis of Dose, Response, and Durability.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- The role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in atropine-related inhibition of the progression of myopia.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Observation of the effect of posterior scleral reinforcement combined with orthokeratology and 0.01% atropine in the treatment of congenital myopia: a case report.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Scleral remodeling in myopia development.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Modulation of the ERK1/2-MMP-2 pathway in the sclera of guinea pigs following induction of myopia by flickering light.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- Increased Choroidal Blood Perfusion Can Inhibit Form Deprivation Myopia in Guinea Pigs.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Atropine Differentially Modulates ECM Production by Ocular Fibroblasts, and Its Ocular Surface Toxicity Is Blunted by Colostrum.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Advances in myopia research anatomical findings in highly myopic eyes.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2020Review
- Epigenetically dysregulated genes and pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of non-syndromic high myopia.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- IMI - Report on Experimental Models of Emmetropization and Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Review
- Article
- Expression and role of specificity protein 1 in the sclera remodeling of experimental myopia in guinea pigs.International journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- Effects of topical atropine on intraocular pressure and myopia progression: a prospective comparative study.BMC ophthalmology · 2016Article
- The association of TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms with high myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- RPE and Choroid Mechanisms Underlying Ocular Growth and Myopia.Progress in molecular biology and translational science · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeScleral remodeling is an important mechanism underlying the development of myopia. Atropine, an antagonist of G protein-coupled muscarinic receptors, is currently used as an off-label treatment for myopia. Regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) functions as an intracellular selective inhibitor of muscarinic receptors. In this study we measured scleral RGS2 expression and scleral remodeling in an animal model of myopia in the presence or absence of atropine treatment.
methodsGUINEA PIGS WERE ASSIGNED TO FOUR GROUPS: normal (free of form deprivation), form deprivation myopia (FDM) for 4 weeks, FDM treated with saline, and FDM treated with atropine. Biometric measurements were then performed. RGS2 expression levels and scleral remodeling, including scleral thickness and collagen type I expression, were compared among the four groups.
resultsCompared with normal eyes and contralateral control eyes, the FDM eyes had the most prominent changes in refraction, axial length, and scleral remodeling, indicating myopia. There was no significant difference between control and normal eyes. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the scleral thickness was significantly thinner in the posterior pole region of FDM eyes compared to normal eyes. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed a significant decrease in posterior scleral collagen type I mRNA and protein expression in the FDM eyes compared to the normal eyes. The FDM eyes also had increased levels of RGS2 mRNA and protein expression in the sclera. Atropine treatment attenuated the FDM-induced changes in refraction, axial length, and scleral remodeling. Interestingly, atropine treatment significantly increased collagen type I mRNA expression but decreased RGS2 mRNA and protein expression in the sclera of the FDM eyes.
conclusionsWe identified a significant RGS2 upregulation and collagen type I downregulation in the sclera of FDM eyes, which could be partially attenuated by atropine treatment. Our data suggest that targeting dysregulated RGS2 may provide a novel strategy for development of therapeutic agents to suppress myopia progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25018620PMC4087119W185047161What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.