ReviewExperimental neurology2014
Pattern recognition receptors and central nervous system repair.
Review in Experimental neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 298 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
298 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 483 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of fingolimod plus standardized treatment versus standardized treatment alone for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Early high‑frequency spinal cord stimulation modulates the ROS/p38 MAPK/NF‑κB and CXCL10/CXCR3 pathways to alleviate neuropathic pain and promote spinal cord injury repair.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): A Comprehensive Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury and the Road to Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Human Stem Cell-Derived Models of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimmune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Innate immune signaling and functions in astrocytes.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Prmt6 Deficiency or Inhibition Restores Microglial Homeostasis and Promotes Scar-Limited Repair in Adult Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neural Excitation-Inhibition Imbalance in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- IFI204 drives gasdermin D-mediated mitochondrial permeabilization to amplify neuronal pyroptosis in ischemic stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- PRMT6 is required for initiating and amplifying macrophage-induced inflammation in heterotopic ossification by increasing CCL2 expression.Bone research · 2026Article
- From Amputation to Persistent Pain: A Review of Molecular and Cellular Processes in Phantom Limb Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Capillary-Associated Microglia in Neurovascular Coupling: Localization, Mechanisms, and Disease Implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Cannabinoid type 2 receptor crosstalk and microglial plasticity-shaping the balance between neuroinflammation and repair.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cell death in spinal cord injury: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic applications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Botulinum toxin type A inhibits chronic post-thoracotomy pain through the HMGB1-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- AI-driven insights into protein misfolding and innate immunity in neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From knowledge landscapes to network mechanisms: charting regulated cell death pathways in ALS.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Investigating the Effects of Vortioxetine in an Experimental Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Role of NOD-like Receptor Protein-3 Inflammasome Pathway.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
238 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are part of the innate immune response and were originally discovered for their role in recognizing pathogens by ligating specific pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) expressed by microbes. Now the role of PRRs in sterile inflammation is also appreciated, responding to endogenous stimuli referred to as "damage associated molecular patterns" (DAMPs) instead of PAMPs. The main families of PRRs include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-like receptors (RLRs), AIM2-like receptors (ALRs), and C-type lectin receptors. Broad expression of these PRRs in the CNS and the release of DAMPs in and around sites of injury suggest an important role for these receptor families in mediating post-injury inflammation. Considerable data now show that PRRs are among the first responders to CNS injury and activation of these receptors on microglia, neurons, and astrocytes triggers an innate immune response in the brain and spinal cord. Here we discuss how the various PRR families are activated and can influence injury and repair processes following CNS injury.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.