Trial reportCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2014
Adherence to dietary and lifestyle recommendations and prostate cancer risk in the prostate testing for cancer and treatment (ProtecT) trial.
Trial report in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary intake of tomato and lycopene, blood levels of lycopene, and risk of total and specific cancers in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary Tomato Consumption and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Processed and raw tomato consumption and risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Improvement of urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in benign prostate hyperplasia patients associated with consumption of a newly developed whole tomato-based food supplement: a phase II prospective, randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Trial
- Active monitoring, radical prostatectomy and radical radiotherapy in PSA-detected clinically localised prostate cancer: the ProtecT three-arm RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Determination and assessing the role of serum calcium, vitamin D, ferritin, and uric acid levels on prostate cancer risk.The Canadian journal of urology · 2025Article
- Evaluating recommendation-based dietary and physical activity strategies for prostate cancer prevention: a target trial emulation in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- A step forward in enhancing the health-promoting properties of whole tomato as a functional food to lower the impact of non-communicable diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- The impact of diet and gut microbiota on development, treatment, and prognosis in prostate cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Dietary antioxidants and flavonoids are inversely associated with prostate cancer risk and mortality: evidence from NHANES and machine learning.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Orchestration of miRNA Patterns by Testosterone and Dietary Tomato Carotenoids during Early Prostate Carcinogenesis in TRAMP Mice.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Racism Does Not Cause Prostate Cancer, It Causes Prostate Cancer Death.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Article
- Identification and assessment of alleles in the promoter of the Cyc-B gene that modulate levels of β-carotene in ripe tomato fruit.The plant genome · 2021Article
- Body shape and pants size as surrogate measures of obesity among males in epidemiologic studies.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Impact of adherence to cancer-specific prevention recommendations on subsequent risk of cancer in participants in Alberta's Tomorrow Project.Public health nutrition · 2019Article
- Index-Based Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Prostate Cancer.Clinical nutrition research · 2017Review
- Post-diagnosis serum insulin-like growth factors in relation to dietary and lifestyle changes in the Prostate testing for cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) trial.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) published eight recommendations for cancer prevention, but they are not targeted at prostate cancer prevention. We investigated whether adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations and a prostate cancer dietary index is associated with prostate cancer risk.
methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study of 1,806 prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-detected prostate cancer cases and 12,005 controls in the ProtecT trial. We developed a prostate cancer dietary index by incorporating three dietary factors most strongly associated with prostate cancer. Scores were computed to quantify adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations and the prostate cancer dietary index separately.
resultsThe prostate cancer dietary index score was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer [OR per 1 score increment: 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84-0.99; Ptrend = 0.04] but the WCRF/AICR index score was not (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.94-1.05; Ptrend = 0.71). There was no heterogeneity in association by prostate cancer stage (P = 0.81) or grade (P = 0.61). Greater adherence to recommendations to increase plant foods (OR per 0.25 index score increment: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.99; Ptrend = 0.02) and tomato products (OR adherence vs. nonadherence: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70-0.97; P = 0.02) was inversely associated with overall prostate cancer risk.
conclusionsAdherence to the prostate cancer-specific dietary recommendations was associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer. High intake of plant foods and tomato products in particular may help protect against prostate cancer. IMPACT: Meeting the WCRF/AICR recommendations alone is insufficient for prostate cancer prevention. Additional dietary recommendations should be developed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.