ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
Activation of rheumatoid factor-specific B cells is antigen dependent and occurs preferentially outside of germinal centers in the lupus-prone NZM2410 mouse model.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple roads to IgE memory: A pluralistic model of IgE immunity.Cell reports · 2026Review
- GLUT1-mediated glucose flux constrains autoreactive but not foreign antigen-specific B-cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Coordinated Regulation of Extrafollicular B Cell Responses by IL-12 and IFNγ.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- B Cell Receptor Repertoire Analysis of the CD21European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Cutting Edge: Low-dose Recombinant IL-2 Treatment Prevents Autoantibody Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Regulatory T Cell-independent Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- IL-12 induces a B cell-intrinsic IL-12/IFNγ feed-forward loop promoting extrafollicular B cell responses.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Germinal center versus extrafollicular responses in systemic autoimmunity: Who turns the blade on self?Advances in immunology · 2024Review
- Glucose Requirement of Antigen-Specific Autoreactive B Cells and CD4+ T Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures as local perpetuators of organ-specific immune injury: implication for lupus nephritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Crosstalk in the diseased plasma cell niche - the force of inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Pharmacologically Inferred Glycolysis and Glutaminolysis Requirement of B Cells in Lupus-Prone Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Proteogenomic analysis of the autoreactive B cell repertoire in blood and tissues of patients with Sjögren's syndrome.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2022Article
- The extrafollicular response is sufficient to drive initiation of autoimmunity and early disease hallmarks of lupus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Germinal Center and Extrafollicular B Cell Responses in Vaccination, Immunity, and Autoimmunity.Immunity · 2020Review
- Extrafollicular responses in humans and SLE.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
- Innate and adaptive signals enhance differentiation and expansion of dual-antibody autoreactive B cells in lupus.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Relative Contributions of B Cells and Dendritic Cells from Lupus-Prone Mice to CD4Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Requirement for CD40/CD40L Interactions for Development of Autoimmunity Differs Depending on Specific Checkpoint and Costimulatory Pathways.ImmunoHorizons · 2018Article
- Article
- Dendritic Cells Regulate Extrafollicular Autoreactive B Cells via T Cells Expressing Fas and Fas Ligand.Immunity · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
AM14 rheumatoid factor (RF) B cells in the MRL/lpr mice are activated by dual BCR and TLR7/9 ligation and differentiate into plasmablasts via an extrafollicular (EF) route. It was not known whether this mechanism of activation of RF B cells applied to other lupus-prone mouse models. We investigated the mechanisms by which RF B cells break tolerance in the NZM2410-derived B6.Sle1.Sle2.Sle3 (TC) strain in comparison with C57BL/6 (B6) controls, each expressing the AM14 H chain transgene in the presence or absence of the IgG2a(a) autoantigen. The TC, but not B6, genetic background promotes the differentiation of RF B cells into Ab-forming cells (AFCs) in the presence of the autoantigen. Activated RF B cells preferentially differentiated into plasmablasts in EF zones. Contrary to the MRL/lpr strain, TC RF B cells were also located within germinal centers, but only the formation of EF foci was positively correlated with the production of RF AFCs. Immunization of young TC.AM14 H chain transgenic mice with IgG2a(a) anti-chromatin immune complexes (ICs) activated RF B cells in a BCR- and TLR9-dependent manner. However, these IC immunizations did not result in the production of RF AFCs. These results show that RF B cells break tolerance with the same general mechanisms in the TC and the MRL/lpr lupus-prone genetic backgrounds, namely the dual activation of the BCR and TLR9 pathways. There are also distinct differences, such as the presence of RF B cells in GCs and the requirement of chronic IgG2a(a) anti-chromatin ICs for full differentiation of RF AFCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.