ArticleCritical care medicine2014
Substance P mediates reduced pneumonia rates after traumatic brain injury.
Article in Critical care medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- From sympathetic storm to systemic inflammation: spatiotemporal dynamics of the brain-lung axis in neurogenic pulmonary edema.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Predictive Value of Substance P for Pulmonary Infection in Patients With Acute Cerebral Infarction During Hospitalization.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Association between traumatic brain injury and risk of developing infections in the central nervous system and periphery.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Modelling lung infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae after murine traumatic brain injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Fluorescence Imaging of Inflammation with Optical Probes.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2023Review
- Functional Two-Way Crosstalk Between Brain and Lung: The Brain-Lung Axis.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Neutrophil phenotypes implicated in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic sepsis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Estrogen Alleviates Sex-Dependent Differences in Lung Bacterial Clearance and Mortality Secondary to Bacterial Pneumonia after Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2021Article
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice Beneficially Alters Lung NK1R and Structural Protein Expression to Enhance Survival after Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection.The American journal of pathology · 2019Article
- Sustained Low Serum Substance P Levels in Non-Surviving Septic Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Observational
- Antagonism of the Neurokinin-1 Receptor Improves Survival in a Mouse Model of Sepsis by Decreasing Inflammation and Increasing Early Cardiovascular Function.Critical care medicine · 2017Article
- The Role of Substance P in Pulmonary Clearance of Bacteria in Comparative Injury Models.The American journal of pathology · 2016Article
- Serum substance P levels are associated with severity and mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Critical care (London, England) · 2015Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTraumatic brain injury results in significant morbidity and mortality and is associated with infectious complications, particularly pneumonia. However, whether traumatic brain injury directly impacts the host response to pneumonia is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the nature of the relationship between traumatic brain injury and the prevalence of pneumonia in trauma patients and investigate the mechanism of this relationship using a murine model of traumatic brain injury with pneumonia.
designData from the National Trauma Data Bank and a murine model of traumatic brain injury with postinjury pneumonia.
settingAcademic medical centers in Cincinnati, OH, and Boston, MA. PATIENTS/SUBJECTS: Trauma patients in the National Trauma Data Bank with a hospital length of stay greater than 2 days, age of at least 18 years at admission, and a blunt mechanism of injury. Subjects were female ICR mice 8-10 weeks old.
interventionsAdministration of a substance P receptor antagonist in mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsPneumonia rates were measured in trauma patients before and after risk adjustment using propensity scoring. In addition, survival and pulmonary inflammation were measured in mice undergoing traumatic brain injury with or without pneumonia. After risk adjustment, we found that traumatic brain injury patients had significantly lower rates of pneumonia compared to blunt trauma patients without traumatic brain injury. A murine model of traumatic brain injury reproduced these clinical findings with mice subjected to traumatic brain injury demonstrating increased bacterial clearance and survival after induction of pneumonia. To determine the mechanisms responsible for this improvement, the substance P receptor was blocked in mice after traumatic brain injury. This treatment abrogated the traumatic brain injury-associated increases in bacterial clearance and survival.
conclusionsThe data demonstrate that patients with traumatic brain injury have lower rates of pneumonia compared to non-head-injured trauma patients and suggest that the mechanism of this effect occurs through traumatic brain injury-induced release of substance P, which improves innate immunity to decrease pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.