ArticleHeart & lung : the journal of critical care
Patients' annual income adequacy, insurance premiums and out-of-pocket expenses related to heart failure care.
Article in Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Palliative care for patients with heart failure and family caregivers in rural Appalachia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC palliative care · 2024Trial
- Nurse-Led Multidisciplinary Heart Failure Group Clinic Appointments: Methods, Materials, and Outcomes Used in the Clinical Trial.The Journal of cardiovascular nursingTrial
- Challenges Related to Out-of-Pocket Costs in Heart Failure Management.Circulation. Heart failure · 2025Review
- Heart Failure Beyond the Diagnosis: A Narrative Review of Patients' Perspectives on Daily Life and Challenges.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Family Caregiving of Patients With Heart Failure and Vascular Dementia in Rural Appalachia: A Mixed-Methods Study.Western journal of nursing research · 2024Article
- Psychological stress in heart failure: a potentially actionable disease modifier.Heart failure reviews · 2021Review
- Optimizing Guideline-directed Medical Therapies for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction During Hospitalization.US cardiology · 2021Review
- Study protocol of coaching end-of-life palliative care for advanced heart failure patients and their family caregivers in rural appalachia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC palliative care · 2019Article
- Article
- Automated Classification of Severity in Cardiac Dyssynchrony Merging Clinical Data and Mechanical Descriptors.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2017Article
- Designing and Testing an End-of-Life Discussion Intervention for African American Patients With Heart Failure and Their Families.Journal of hospice and palliative nursing : JHPN : the official journal of the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association · 2016Article
- Study of Out-of-Pocket Expenditures for Outpatient Imaging Services in Imam-Khomeini Hospital in 2014.Electronic physician · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo (1) identify the amount patients spend for insurance premiums, co-payments, deductibles, and other out-of-pocket costs related to HF and chronic health care services and estimate their annual non-reimbursed and out-of-pocket costs; and (2) identify patients' concerns about nonreimbursed and out-of-pocket expenses.
backgroundHF is one of the most expensive illnesses for our society with multiple health services and financial burdens for families.
methodsMixed methods with quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews.
resultsPatients (N = 149) reported annual averages for non-reimbursed health services co-payments and out-of-pocket costs ranging from $3913 to $5829 depending on insurance coverage. Thirty one patients (21%) reported inadequate health coverage related to their non-reimbursed costs.
conclusionsNon-reimbursed costs related to HF care are substantial and vary depending on their insurance, health services use, and out-of-pocket costs. Patient referral to social services to assist with expenses could provide some relief from the burden of high HF-related costs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.