ArticleBMC cancer2014
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand omeprazole inhibits breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
Article in BMC cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Intermittent high dose proton pump inhibitor enhances the antitumor effects of chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2015Trial
- Molecular mechanisms for sustaining cancer stem cells characteristics and targeted therapeutic strategies.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: structure, signaling, physiology and pathology.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Drug-Induced Glucose Metabolism Disorders: Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- A systems biology approach to identify key targets in KRAS/BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Immune effects of AHR in tumors: a decade of insights from bibliometric analysis (2010-2023).Discover oncology · 2024Article
- The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates Invasiveness and Motility in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells through Expressional Regulation of Non-Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIA.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor to prevent cancer in barrier organs.Biochemical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a tumor modulator: mechanisms to therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: An emerging player in breast cancer pathogenesis and its potential as a drug target (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Regulation and signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: implications for targeted therapy for cancer.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- The complex biology of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in cancer and beyond.Biochemical pharmacology · 2023Review
- Suppression of Ah Receptor (AhR) increases the aggressiveness of TNBC cells and 11-Cl-BBQ-activated AhR inhibits their growth.Biochemical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Induction of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Cancer Cell-Selective Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by a High-Affinity Benzimidazoisoquinoline.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2023Article
- Proton pump inhibitors display anti-tumour potential in glioma.Cell proliferation · 2023Review
- Article
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor as an Anticancer Target: An Overview of Ten Years Odyssey.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Tumor-Suppressive Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and AhR as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer.Biology · 2023Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with ER-negative breast tumors are among the most difficult to treat and exhibit low survival rates due, in part, to metastasis from the breast to various distal sites. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands show promise as antimetastatic drugs for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer.
methodsTriple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were treated with eight AHR-active pharmaceuticals including 4-hydroxtamoxifen, flutamide leflunomide, mexiletine, nimodipine, omeprazole, sulindac and tranilast, and the effects of these compounds on cell proliferation (MTT assay) and cell migration (Boyden chamber assay) were examined. The role of the AHR in mediating inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cell invasion was investigated by RNA interference (RNAi) and knockdown of AHR or cotreatment with AHR agonists. Lung metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated in mice administered cells by tail vein injection and prometastatic gene expression was examined by immunohistochemistry.
resultsWe showed that only the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole decreased MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell invasion in vitro. Omeprazole also significantly decreased MDA-MB-231 cancer cell metastasis to the lung in a mouse model (tail vein injection), and in vitro studies showed that omeprazole decreased expression of at least two prometastatic genes, namely matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Results of RNA interference studies confirmed that omeprazole-mediated downregulation of CXCR4 (but not MMP-9) was AHR-dependent. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that omeprazole recruited the AHR to regions in the CXCR4 promoter that contain dioxin response elements (DREs) and this was accompanied by the loss of pol II on the promoter and decreased expression of CXCR4.
conclusionsAHR-active pharmaceuticals such as omeprazole that decrease breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis may have important clinical applications for late stage breast cancer chemotherapy.
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