ArticleCell host & microbe2014
Influenza promotes pneumococcal growth during coinfection by providing host sialylated substrates as a nutrient source.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers.
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Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 253 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of the Human Oropharyngeal Microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Recovery Patients.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Trial
- Symptoms associated with influenza vaccination and experimental human pneumococcal colonisation of the nasopharynx.Vaccine · 2020Trial
- Inflammation induced by influenza virus impairs human innate immune control of pneumococcus.Nature immunology · 2018Trial
- Bacterial and host factors affecting acquisition ofInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Targeting Inflammation in Bronchiectasis.Drugs · 2026Review
- The Role of the Respiratory Microbiome in Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2026Review
- Eliminate pneumococcal colonization by targeting intracellular acidification that promotes H2O2 production to enhance bacterial survival.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Influenza A Virus Coinfection AltersbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Hidden burden of pneumococcal colonization in adults with viral respiratory infections: the role of influenza and RSV.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Current insights into bacterial secondary infection following influenza A virus infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Lipoteichoic acid mediates binding ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Persistent pneumococcal colonisation in antiretroviral-treated HIV infection is associated with nasal inflammation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Post-COVID-19 disruption of the respiratory microbiome modulatesEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity across mammalian- and avian-origin A(H1N1) influenza viruses influences viral infectivity following incubation with host bacteria from the human respiratory tract.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Diabetes mellitus and invasive pneumococcal disease in Spain: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of bacterial host-to-host transmission.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Viruses in bronchiectasis.ERJ open research · 2025Review
- Trained immunity in the lung.eLife · 2025Review
- Epigenetic changes and serotype-specific responses of alveolar type II epithelial cells to Streptococcus pneumoniae in resolving influenza A virus infection.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Much of the mortality attributed to influenza virus is due to secondary bacterial pneumonia, particularly from Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, mechanisms underlying this coinfection are incompletely understood. We find that prior influenza infection enhances pneumococcal colonization of the murine nasopharynx, which in turn promotes bacterial spread to the lungs. Influenza accelerates bacterial replication in vivo, and sialic acid, a major component of airway glycoconjugates, is identified as the host-derived metabolite that stimulates pneumococcal proliferation. Influenza infection increases sialic acid and sialylated mucin availability and enhances desialylation of host glycoconjugates. Pneumococcal genes for sialic acid catabolism are required for influenza to promote bacterial growth. Decreasing sialic acid availability in vivo by genetic deletion of the major airway mucin Muc5ac or mucolytic treatment limits influenza-induced pneumococcal replication. Our findings suggest that higher rates of disease during coinfection could stem from influenza-provided sialic acid, which increases pneumococcal proliferation, colonization, and aspiration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.