ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2014
Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in immunocompromised patients by real-time PCR: a 4-year prospective study.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06691321 (Efficacy of Caspofungin for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in People Living With HIV/AIDS.), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Caspofungin for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in People Living With HIV/AIDS.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Evaluation of the ELITe InGenius PCR assay compared with immunofluorescence for Pneumocystis jirovecii detection in respiratory samples.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Combined Serum (1,3)-β-D-Glucan and Oral Wash PCR as a Noninvasive Diagnostic Strategy for Early Detection ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Advances in pathogen detection ofInfectious medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Significance of positive semi-quantitative PCR tests on bronchoalveolar lavage for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative immunocompromised ICU patients with acute respiratory failure.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- The Molecular Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases with a Focus on PCR.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pneumocystis jirovecii is a potential pivotal ecological driver contributing to shifts in microbial equilibrium during the early-life lower airway microbiome assembly.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Quantitative real time PCR for distinction betweenFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- The conventional diagnosis challenge: Real-time PCR and nested PCR correlation with the scoring system for individuals at high-risk of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2023Article
- Article
- Clinical impact of pneumothorax in patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and respiratory failure in an HIV-negative cohort.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Is It Possible to DifferentiateJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Semiquantitative Real-Time PCR to Distinguish Pneumocystis Pneumonia from Colonization in a Heterogeneous Population of HIV-Negative Immunocompromised Patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia utilizing a polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis in patients receiving bendamustine.Cancer medicine · 2021Observational
- Pneumocystis jirovecii Disease: Basis for the Revised EORTC/MSGERC Invasive Fungal Disease Definitions in Individuals Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Quantitative PCR to Discriminate BetweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Development of a Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Sensitive Detection ofFrontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is more sensitive than microscopic examination for the detection of P. jirovecii but also detects colonized patients. Hence, its positive predictive value (PPV) needs evaluation. In this 4-year prospective observational study, all immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory symptoms who were investigated for PCP were included, totaling 659 patients (814 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples). Patients with negative microscopy but positive qPCR were classified through medical chart review as having retained PCP, possible PCP, or colonization, and their clinical outcomes were compared to those of patients with microscopically proven PCP. Overall, 119 patients were included for analysis, of whom 35, 41, and 43 were classified as having retained PCP, possible PCP, and colonization, respectively. The 35 patients with retained PCP had clinical findings similar to those with microscopically proven PCP but lower fungal loads (P < 0.001) and were mainly non-HIV-infected patients (P < 0.05). Although the mean amplification threshold was higher in colonized patients, it was not possible to determine a discriminant qPCR cutoff. The PPV of qPCR in patients with negative microscopy were 29.4% and 63.8% when considering retained PCP and retained plus possible PCP, respectively. Patients with possible PCP had a higher mortality rate than patients with retained PCP or colonization (63% versus 3% and 16%, respectively); patients who died had not received co-trimoxazole. In conclusion, qPCR is a useful tool to diagnose PCP in non-HIV patients, and treatment might be better targeted through a multicomponent algorithm including both clinical/radiological parameters and qPCR results.
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