Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25008469›Full record

ReviewObesity surgery2014

The evolution of metabolic/bariatric surgery.

Henry Buchwald

Abstract readHistorical ArticleReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Obesity surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
103citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

103 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Trial
  15. Article
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  17. Review
  18. Sarcopenic Obesity in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Henry BuchwaldDepartment of Surgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 290, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA, buchw001@umn.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metabolic surgery is defined as "the operative manipulation of a normal organ or organ system to achieve a biological result for a potential health gain." The evolution of metabolic/bariatric surgery can be viewed from several perspectives: (1) realization that bariatric surgery has always been and will always be metabolic surgery; (2) lessons to be learned from the six dominant procedures; (3) overview of the other operations that have been proposed; (4) discussion of mechanisms of action; (5) physiology of energy metabolism; and (6) introduction to the emerging concept of inflammation. This review will end with thoughts on the present and future outcomes from the knowledge we have gained from metabolic/bariatric surgery. The author concludes with the statement: Metabolic surgery is cognitive surgery.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryEnergy MetabolismGastric BypassGastroplastyHistory, 20th CenturyHumansInflammationObesity, Morbid

Identifiers

PMID25008469

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.