ArticlePloS one2014
Outcomes of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection: results from two international cohort studies.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An International Observational Study to Characterize Adults Who Are Hospitalized With Influenza or Other Targeted Respiratory Viruses
An International Observational Study to Characterize Adults With Influenza or Other Targeted Respiratory Viruses
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Markers of Severity in Acute Respiratory Infections to Inform Primary Care Surveillance.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Hospital utilization rates for influenza and RSV: a novel approach and critical assessment.Population health metrics · 2021Pooled it
- Risk factors for serious outcomes associated with influenza illness in high- versus low- and middle-income countries: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2018Pooled it
- Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Adverse Events in Influenza Patients Managed in a Hospital-at-Home Program: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.American journal of medicine open · 2026Article
- Investigating the Impact of Host Genetics on the Risk of Disease Progression in Individuals With Influenza.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- The convergent evolution of influenza A virus: Implications, therapeutic strategies and what we need to know.Current research in microbial sciences · 2023Article
- Prognostic impact of high sensitive troponin in predicting 30-day mortality among patients admitted to hospital with influenza.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2021Article
- COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients.Infection · 2020Article
- The Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Non-COVID-19 Clinical Trials.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Article
- Article
- Etiology, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of severe respiratory infection in people living with HIV.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2020Observational
- Comparison of an ordinal endpoint to time-to-event, longitudinal, and binary endpoints for use in evaluating treatments for severe influenza requiring hospitalization.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2019Article
- Influenza epidemiology and influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2015-2016 season: results from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 Update on Diagnosis, Treatment, Chemoprophylaxis, and Institutional Outbreak Management of Seasonal Influenzaa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Risk factors associated with severe outcomes in adult hospitalized patients according to influenza type and subtype.PloS one · 2019Observational
- Using Clinical Research Networks to Assess Severity of an Emerging Influenza Pandemic.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Observational
- Analysis of an ordinal endpoint for use in evaluating treatments for severe influenza requiring hospitalization.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2017Article
- Comparison of the Outcomes of Individuals With Medically Attended Influenza A and B Virus Infections Enrolled in 2 International Cohort Studies Over a 6-Year Period: 2009-2015.Open forum infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Article
- Delay in diagnosis of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in critically ill patients and impact on clinical outcome.Critical care (London, England) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 12 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundData from prospectively planned cohort studies on risk of major clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus are limited. In 2009, in order to assess outcomes and evaluate risk factors for progression of illness, two cohort studies were initiated: FLU 002 in outpatients and FLU 003 in hospitalized patients. METHODS AND
findingsBetween October 2009 and December 2012, adults with influenza-like illness (ILI) were enrolled; outpatients were followed for 14 days and inpatients for 60 days. Disease progression was defined as hospitalization and/or death for outpatients, and hospitalization for >28 days, transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) if enrolled from general ward, and/or death for inpatients. Infection was confirmed by RT-PCR. 590 FLU 002 and 392 FLU 003 patients with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 were enrolled from 81 sites in 17 countries at 2 days (IQR 1-3) and 6 days (IQR 4-10) following ILI onset, respectively. Disease progression was experienced by 29 (1 death) outpatients (5.1%; 95% CI: 3.4-7.2%) and 80 inpatients [death (32), hospitalization >28 days (43) or ICU transfer (20)] (21.6%; 95% CI: 17.5-26.2%). Disease progression (death) for hospitalized patients was 53.1% (26.6%) and 12.8% (3.8%), respectively, for those enrolled in the ICU and general ward. In pooled analyses for both studies, predictors of disease progression were age, longer duration of symptoms at enrollment and immunosuppression. Patients hospitalized during the pandemic period had a poorer prognosis than in subsequent seasons.
conclusionsPatients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, particularly when requiring hospital admission, are at high risk for disease progression, especially if they are older, immunodeficient, or admitted late in infection. These data reinforce the need for international trials of novel treatment strategies for influenza infection and serve as a reminder of the need to monitor the severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza epidemics globally.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: FLU 002--NCT01056354, FLU 003--NCT01056185.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.