Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25003348›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2014

High blood pressure and long-term exposure to indoor noise and air pollution from road traffic.

Maria Foraster, Nino Künzli, Inmaculada Aguilera, Marcela Rivera, David Agis, Joan Vila, Laura Bouso, Alexandre Deltell, Jaume Marrugat, Rafel Ramos and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Toxicological Risk Assessment of Urban Motorcycle Noise Using WHO Night Noise Guidelines.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Impact of Residential Noise Exposure on Neurological Health: A Systematic Scoping Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  17. Article
  18. Cardiovascular disorders and exposure to chemical pollutants.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Maria ForasterCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.
Nino Künzli
Inmaculada Aguilera
Marcela Rivera
David Agis
Joan Vila
Laura Bouso
Alexandre Deltell
Jaume Marrugat
Rafel Ramos
Jordi Sunyer
Roberto Elosua
Xavier Basagaña

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraffic noise has been associated with prevalence of hypertension, but reports are inconsistent for blood pressure (BP). To ascertain noise effects and to disentangle them from those suspected to be from traffic-related air pollution, it may be essential to estimate people's noise exposure indoors in bedrooms.

objectivesWe analyzed associations between long-term exposure to indoor traffic noise in bedrooms and prevalent hypertension and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP, considering long-term exposure to outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2).

methodsWe evaluated 1,926 cohort participants at baseline (years 2003-2006; Girona, Spain). Outdoor annual average levels of nighttime traffic noise (Lnight) and NO2 were estimated at postal addresses with a detailed traffic noise model and a land-use regression model, respectively. Individual indoor traffic Lnight levels were derived from outdoor Lnight with application of insulations provided by reported noise-reducing factors. We assessed associations for hypertension and BP with multi-exposure logistic and linear regression models, respectively.

resultsMedian levels were 27.1 dB(A) (indoor Lnight), 56.7 dB(A) (outdoor Lnight), and 26.8 μg/m3 (NO2). Spearman correlations between outdoor and indoor Lnight with NO2 were 0.75 and 0.23, respectively. Indoor Lnight was associated both with hypertension (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.13) and SBP (β = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.29, 1.15) per 5 dB(A); and NO2 was associated with hypertension (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.36), SBP (β = 1.23; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.25), and DBP (β⊇= 0.56; 95% CI: -0.03, 1.14) per 10 μg/m3. In the outdoor noise model, Lnight was associated only with hypertension and NO2 with BP only. The indoor noise-SBP association was stronger and statistically significant with a threshold at 30 dB(A).

conclusionLong-term exposure to indoor traffic noise was associated with prevalent hypertension and SBP, independently of NO2. Associations were less consistent for outdoor traffic Lnight and likely affected by collinearity.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAir PollutantsAir PollutionCohort StudiesEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHousingHumansHypertensionLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNitrogen DioxideNoise, TransportationAir PollutantsNitrogen Dioxide

Identifiers

PMID25003348
PMCPMC4216159

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.