ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2014
Chronic viral infection promotes sustained Th1-derived immunoregulatory IL-10 via BLIMP-1.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- The multifaceted landscape of T cell exhaustion in organ transplantation: From molecular mechanisms (epigenetics, transcription, metabolism) to induction strategies.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- The role of IL-10 in antiviral immune memory development.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Themis differentially regulates T follicular helper cell differentiation during early and late stages of chronic viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Emerging mechanisms of the unfolded protein response in therapeutic resistance: from chemotherapy to Immunotherapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- B-cell-derived IL-10 promotes allergic sensitization in asthma regulated by Bcl-3.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Article
- The clinical and immunological characteristics of COVID-19 patients with delayed SARS-CoV-2 virus clearance.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Inhibitory IL-10-producing CD4eLife · 2023Article
- T cells in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- A T follicular helper cell origin for T regulatory type 1 cells.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Article
- T-helper cells flexibility: the possibility of reprogramming T cells fate.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Tfh-cell-derived interleukin 21 sustains effector CD8Immunity · 2022Article
- A Notch/STAT3-driven Blimp-1/c-Maf-dependent molecular switch induces IL-10 expression in human CD4Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition).European journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Dynamic CD4Nature immunology · 2021Article
- Chronic LCMV Infection Is Fortified with Versatile Tactics to Suppress Host T Cell Immunity and Establish Viral Persistence.Viruses · 2021Review
- Article
- Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- T Cell Exhaustion and CAR-T Immunotherapy in Hematological Malignancies.BioMed research international · 2021Review
- T Helper Plasticity Is Orchestrated by STAT3, Bcl6, and Blimp-1 Balancing Pathology and Protection in Malaria.iScience · 2020Article
- Blimp-1 is essential for allergen-induced asthma and Th2 cell development in the lung.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During the course of many chronic viral infections, the antiviral T cell response becomes attenuated through a process that is regulated in part by the host. While elevated expression of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 is involved in the suppression of viral-specific T cell responses, the relevant cellular sources of IL-10, as well as the pathways responsible for IL-10 induction, remain unclear. In this study, we traced IL-10 production over the course of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in an IL-10 reporter mouse line. Using this model, we demonstrated that virus-specific T cells with reduced inflammatory function, particularly Th1 cells, display elevated and sustained IL-10 expression during chronic LCMV infection. Furthermore, ablation of IL-10 from the T cell compartment partially restored T cell function and reduced viral loads in LCMV-infected animals. We found that viral persistence is needed for sustained IL-10 production by Th1 cells and that the transcription factor BLIMP-1 is required for IL-10 expression by Th1 cells. Restimulation of Th1 cells from LCMV-infected mice promoted BLIMP-1 and subsequent IL-10 expression, suggesting that constant antigen exposure likely induces the BLIMP-1/IL-10 pathway during chronic viral infection. Together, these data indicate that effector T cells self-limit their responsiveness during persistent viral infection via an IL-10-dependent negative feedback loop.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.