ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
TOR complex 2-Ypk1 signaling is an essential positive regulator of the general amino acid control response and autophagy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition).Autophagy · 2016Guideline
- Orm2 promotes nitrogen-induced sphingolipid production and endocytosis via Orm1 phosphorylation.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- V-ATPase-dependent induction of selective autophagy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Interplay between LncRNAs and autophagy-related pathways in leukemia: mechanisms and clinical implications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- The Central FacilitaTOR: Coordinating Transcription and Translation in Eukaryotes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Contact-mediated algicidal mechanism ofiScience · 2024Article
- mTORC2: a multifaceted regulator of autophagy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- How Cells Deal with the Fluctuating Environment: Autophagy Regulation under Stress in Yeast and Mammalian Systems.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- mTORC2: The other mTOR in autophagy regulation.Aging cell · 2021Review
- Cyclosporin A but not FK506 activates the integrated stress response in human cells.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Glucocorticoids preserve the t-tubular system in ventricular cardiomyocytes by upregulation of autophagic flux.Basic research in cardiology · 2019Article
- Ser/Thr protein phosphatases in fungi: structure, regulation and function.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2019Review
- The coordinated action of VCP/p97 and GCN2 regulates cancer cell metabolism and proteostasis during nutrient limitation.Oncogene · 2019Article
- The flavonoid 4,4'-dimethoxychalcone promotes autophagy-dependent longevity across species.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Yeast thioredoxin reductase Trr1p controls TORC1-regulated processes.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Target of rapamycin complex 2-dependent phosphorylation of the coat protein Pan1 by Akl1 controls endocytosis dynamics inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- Express yourself: how PP2A-B55Current genetics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The highly conserved Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase is a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism in response to nutrient availability. TOR functions in two structurally and functionally distinct complexes, TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR Complex 2 (TORC2). Through TORC1, TOR negatively regulates autophagy, a conserved process that functions in quality control and cellular homeostasis and, in this capacity, is part of an adaptive nutrient deprivation response. Here we demonstrate that during amino acid starvation TOR also operates independently as a positive regulator of autophagy through the conserved TORC2 and its downstream target protein kinase, Ypk1. Under these conditions, TORC2-Ypk1 signaling negatively regulates the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, to enable the activation of the amino acid-sensing eIF2α kinase, Gcn2, and to promote autophagy. Our work reveals that the TORC2 pathway regulates autophagy in an opposing manner to TORC1 to provide a tunable response to cellular metabolic status.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.