ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Bioengineering T cells to target carbohydrate to treat opportunistic fungal infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- CAR Immunotherapy for the treatment of infectious diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Invasive aspergillosis in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management and challenges.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- CAR T cell therapy beyond cancer: current status, challenges and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Temporal shifts in adaptive immunity drive HIV-associated cryptococcal IRIS: mechanisms, models, and therapeutic opportunities.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Decoding DNA metabolism and its clinical relevance through the lens of high-throughput sequencing assays.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- T cell-inspired therapeutic delivery platforms: From nanomedicines to cell therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Immune-Based Prevention and Therapy Against Coccidioidomycosis: Current and Emerging Approaches.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- CAR-engineered cell therapies: current understandings and future perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor T‑cell therapy in chronic viral infections: a review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- CAR-T Therapy Can Be a Useful Treatment Modality for More Than Just Hematologic Malignancies.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor technology: an emerging translational immunotherapy in nonneoplastic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Translational development and first-in-human compassionate infusion of NK-92 cells expressing a CD5-based chimeric antigen receptor (SRCD5CAR-NK-92) in a patient with multidrug-resistant fusariosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Convergence of mRNA technology and chimeric antigen receptor therapy: targeted technology optimizing targeted therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- A novel mannan-specific chimeric antigen receptor M-CAR redirects T cells to interact withBioengineered · 2025Article
- CAR-T therapy: Advances in respiratory diseases.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Adoptive transfer of NK cells engineered with a CD5-based chimeric antigen receptor (SRCD5CAR) to treat invasive fungal infections.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Chimeric PRR T-cell-engager targeting cell surface β-1,3-glucan for invasive candidiasis.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging CAR immunotherapies: broadening therapeutic horizons beyond cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Next-generation antifungal drugs: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical-grade T cells are genetically modified ex vivo to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to redirect their specificity to target tumor-associated antigens in vivo. We now have developed this molecular strategy to render cytotoxic T cells specific for fungi. We adapted the pattern-recognition receptor Dectin-1 to activate T cells via chimeric CD28 and CD3-ζ (designated "D-CAR") upon binding with carbohydrate in the cell wall of Aspergillus germlings. T cells genetically modified with the Sleeping Beauty system to express D-CAR stably were propagated selectively on artificial activating and propagating cells using an approach similar to that approved by the Food and Drug Administration for manufacturing CD19-specific CAR(+) T cells for clinical trials. The D-CAR(+) T cells exhibited specificity for β-glucan which led to damage and inhibition of hyphal growth of Aspergillus in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of D-CAR(+) T cells with steroids did not compromise antifungal activity significantly. These data support the targeting of carbohydrate antigens by CAR(+) T cells and provide a clinically appealing strategy to enhance immunity for opportunistic fungal infections using T-cell gene therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.