Trial reportBreast cancer research and treatment2014
TBCRC 018: phase II study of iniparib in combination with irinotecan to treat progressive triple negative breast cancer brain metastases.
Trial report in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Economic and Humanistic Burden of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2022Pooled it
- Phase II Clinical Study of Adebrelimab and Bevacizumab Combined With Cisplatin/Carboplatin in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer With Brain Metastases (ABC Study).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Trial
- A phase II study of atezolizumab in combination with stereotactic radiation for patients with triple-negative breast cancer and brain metastasis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Trial
- Phase II trial of carboplatin and bevacizumab in patients with breast cancer brain metastases.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2020Trial
- Phase II study of irinotecan and temozolomide in breast cancer patients with progressing central nervous system disease.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2019Trial
- ATTAIN: Phase III study of etirinotecan pegol versus treatment of physician's choice in patients with metastatic breast cancer and brain metastases.Future oncology (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Preventive strategies against brain metastases: current state of the art and future directions.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology breast cancer expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis (2025).Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2026Review
- Novel clinical potential of poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase inhibitors in triple‑negative breast cancer: Mechanistic insights and clinical applications (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Novel TROP2 antibody-drug conjugates for treatment of HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with brain metastases: a promising optionESMO open · 2025Article
- Immunotherapeutic and Targeted Strategies for Managing Brain Metastases from Common Cancer Origins: A State-of-the-Art Review.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- TME-targeted approaches of brain metastases and its clinical therapeutic evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Update on the Management of Brain Metastasis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Review
- Intracranial Response Rate in Patients with Breast Cancer Brain Metastases after Systemic Therapy.Cancers · 2022Review
- Intracranial Metastatic Disease: Present Challenges, Future Opportunities.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Systemic treatments for breast cancer brain metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Central Nervous System Metastases from Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Current Treatments and Future Prospective.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2022Review
- Current Advancements of Plant-Derived Agents for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy through Deregulating Cancer Cell Functions and Reprogramming Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 16 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Nearly half of patients with advanced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) develop brain metastases (BM) and most will also have uncontrolled extracranial disease. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of iniparib, a small molecule anti-cancer agent that alters reactive oxygen species tumor metabolism and penetrates the blood brain barrier, with the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan in patients with TNBC-BM. Eligible patients had TNBC with new or progressive BM and received irinotecan and iniparib every 3 weeks. Time to progression (TTP) was the primary end point; secondary endpoints were response rate (RR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), overall survival (OS), toxicity, and health-related quality of life. Correlative endpoints included molecular subtyping and gene expression studies on pre-treatment archival tissues, and determination of germline BRCA1/2 status. Thirty-seven patients began treatment; 34 were evaluable for efficacy. Five of 24 patients were known to carry a BRCA germline mutation (4 BRCA1, 1 BRCA2). Median TTP was 2.14 months and median OS was 7.8 months. Intracranial RR was 12 %, while intracranial CBR was 27 %. Treatment was well-tolerated; the most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia and fatigue. Grade 3/4 diarrhea was rare (3 %). Intrinsic subtyping revealed 19 of 21 tumors (79 %) were basal-like, and intracranial response was associated with high expression of proliferation-related genes. This study suggests a modest benefit of irinotecan plus iniparib in progressive TNBC-BM. More importantly, this trial design is feasible and lays the foundation for additional studies for this treatment-refractory disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.