ReviewJournal of animal science and biotechnology2014
Dietary requirements of synthesizable amino acids by animals: a paradigm shift in protein nutrition.
Review in Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 344 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interactive effects of dietary total sulfur amino acids and crude protein on growth performance in broiler chickens: Meta-analysis and experimental validation.Poultry science · 2026Pooled it
- Rice gluten meal as an alternative by-product feed for growing dairy calves.Tropical animal health and production · 2016Trial
- A high amylose to amylopectin ratio in a low-protein diet promoted growth performance and protein deposition of breast muscle in geese.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Effects of Fibrafid Supplementation in Standard and Nutrient-Reduced Diets on Growth Performance, Production Efficiency, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Morphology in Broilers.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Nutritional Balancing Strategies in Low-Fishmeal Aquafeeds: A PRISMA 2020-Based Systematic Review Beyond Lysine and Methionine Supplementation.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Dietary serine supplementation improves growth performance and intestinal immunity and modulates gut microbiota in chronic oxidative stress-induced weaned piglets.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- The multifunctional role of threonine in aquatic animals: linking growth, protein synthesis, digestion, and amino acid crosstalk.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2026Review
- The effects of reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine plus glutamine-glutamate on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, blood metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen utilization in nursery pigs.Animal bioscience · 2026Article
- Effects of Genetic Selection on Growth, Nutritional Value, and Amino Acid Profiles of Breast Muscle and Blood in Black-Boned Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Multi-protease supplementation enhances growth performance and promotes gut health in broilers fed low-protein, low-amino acid diets.Translational animal science · 2026Article
- Effect of arginine on proliferation of porcine ovarian granulosa cells and steroid hormone synthesis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Probiotic-enzyme complex improves laying performance in laying hens fed low-protein diets by modulating gut microbiota and host metabolism.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Branched-chain amino acids in muscle growth: mechanisms, physiological functions, and applications.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Amino Acid Nutrition in Poultry: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Rumen-Protected Leucine Improved Growth Performance of Fattening Sheep by Changing Rumen Fermentation Patterns.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Dietary Supplementation with L-Serine Regulates Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Development in Broilers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Amino Acid Balanced Compound Low-Protein Diets Improve Resource Efficiency in Sanhua Goose Production: Impacts on Metabolism, Gut Health, and Microbial Diversity.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Potential Benefits of Glycine, Proline and Hydroxyproline on Growth and Flesh Quality of Mirror Carp (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amino acids are building blocks for proteins in all animals. Based on growth or nitrogen balance, amino acids were traditionally classified as nutritionally essential or nonessential for mammals, birds and fish. It was assumed that all the "nutritionally nonessential amino acids (NEAA)" were synthesized sufficiently in the body to meet the needs for maximal growth and optimal health. However, careful analysis of the scientific literature reveals that over the past century there has not been compelling experimental evidence to support this assumption. NEAA (e.g., glutamine, glutamate, proline, glycine and arginine) play important roles in regulating gene expression, cell signaling, antioxidative responses, fertility, neurotransmission, and immunity. Additionally, glutamate, glutamine and aspartate are major metabolic fuels for the small intestine to maintain its digestive function and to protect the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. Thus, diets for animals must contain all NEAA to optimize their survival, growth, development, reproduction, and health. Furthermore, NEAA should be taken into consideration in revising the "ideal protein" concept that is currently used to formulate swine and poultry diets. Adequate provision of all amino acids (including NEAA) in diets enhances the efficiency of animal production. In this regard, amino acids should not be classified as nutritionally essential or nonessential in animal or human nutrition. The new Texas A&M University's optimal ratios of dietary amino acids for swine and chickens are expected to beneficially reduce dietary protein content and improve the efficiency of their nutrient utilization, growth, and production performance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.