ReviewJournal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)2014
HOX genes and their role in the development of human cancers.
Review in Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 230 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
230 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 382 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- CTCF-associated chromatin changes between HOXD1 and HOXD8 contribute to TNBC progression.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- FFPE-CUTAC: A Single Assay, Multiple Layers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Transcription Factor HOXC11 Drives Colorectal Cancer Progression and Metastasis via CAMK2A-Dependent CXCL5 Upregulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- EMMA-STRAT: a multi-omics based machine learning framework for stratification of endometrial carcinoma molecular subtypes and MSI status.BioData mining · 2026Article
- HOXC9 accelerates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via OTUD1-FABP5-mediated lipid metabolic reprogramming.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Imbalance in WNT: retinoic acid signaling dysregulates HOX gene expression: implications for cancer stem cell heterogeneity and CRC patient survival.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Article
- Single-nucleus epigenomic profiling of the adult human central nervous system unveils epigenetic memory of developmental programs.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- Bevacizumab and Tocotrienol in Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer, and the Role of HOXA9 as a Prognostic Biomarker.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- HOXB5 in precision oncology: regulatory networks, functional duality, and clinical prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Favorable short-term survival in locally advanced cervical cancer with optimal pathological response after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy: a real-world analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Machine learning analysis reveals tumor heterogeneity and stromal-immune niches in breast cancer.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Regulatory Landscapes of Muscle Satellite Cells: From Mechanism to Application.International journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Development of a prognostic prediction model based on damage-associated molecular pattern for colorectal cancer applying bulk RNA-seq analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- HOX gene dysregulation in glioblastoma: a narrative review of current advances.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Strong nuclear expression of HOXB13 is a reliable surrogate marker for DNA methylome profiling to distinguish myxopapillary ependymoma from spinal ependymoma.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Integrating Tumor and Organoid DNA Methylation Profiles Reveals Robust Predictors of Chemotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- "Friends or foes": a new perspective of tumour metabolic transcriptional modification.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
170 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this review, we summarize published findings on the involvement of HOX genes in oncogenesis. HOX genes are developmental genes--they code for proteins that function as critical master regulatory transcription factors during embryogenesis. Many reports have shown that the protein products of HOX genes also play key roles in the development of cancers. Based on our review of the literature, we found that the expression of HOX genes is not only up- or downregulated in most solid tumors but also that the expression of specific HOX genes in cancers tends to differ based on tissue type and tumor site. It was also observed that HOXC family gene expression is upregulated in most solid tumor types, including colon, lung, and prostate cancer. The two HOX genes that were reported to be most commonly altered in solid tumors were HOXA9 and HOXB13. HOXA were often reported to have altered expression in breast and ovarian cancers, HOXB genes in colon cancers, HOXC genes in prostate and lung cancers, and HOXD genes in colon and breast cancers. It was found that HOX genes are also regulated at the nuclear-cytoplasmic transport level in carcinomas. Tumors arising from tissue having similar embryonic origin (endodermal), including colon, prostate, and lung, showed relatively similar HOXA and HOXB family gene expression patterns compared to breast tumors arising from mammary tissue, which originates from the ectoderm. The differential expression of HOX genes in various solid tumors thus provides an opportunity to advance our understanding of cancer development and to develop new therapeutic agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.