ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2014
Modified renal function in pregnancy: impact on emtricitabine pharmacokinetics.
Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy-Associated Changes in Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review.PLoS medicine · 2016Pooled it
- p16CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2017Trial
- Predicting Oral HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Efficacy in Cisgender Women Across Pregnancy and Postpartum.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Prediction of Maternal and Fetal Acyclovir, Emtricitabine, Lamivudine, and Metformin Concentrations during Pregnancy Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Article
- Drug dosing during pregnancy-opportunities for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2020Review
- Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of renally excreted antiretroviral drugs in pregnant women.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe aims were to describe emtricitabine (FTC) pharmacokinetics in a large population of pregnant women during the different trimesters of pregnancy, and to explain FTC pharmacokinetic variability during pregnancy.
methodsFTC plasma concentrations were measured in 103 non-pregnant and 83 pregnant women, including women in the different trimesters of pregnancy and on the day of delivery. A total of 457 plasma concentrations were available for analysis. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed with Monolix 4.1.3.
resultsFTC pharmacokinetics was best described by a two compartment model. The effect of creatinine clearance on apparent elimination clearance (CL/F) was significant. CL/F in pregnant women was significantly higher compared with non-pregnant women (geometric mean 24.1 vs 20.5 l h(-1) , P < 0.001), reflecting a modified renal function. FTC daily exposures (AUC) during pregnancy were lower than AUC in non-pregnant women, regardless of the trimester of pregnancy. FTC AUC geometric means were 8.38 mg l(-1 ) h in the second trimester of pregnancy, 8.16 mg l(-1 ) h in the third trimester of pregnancy, 8.30 mg l(-1 ) h on the day of delivery and 9.77 mg l(-1 ) h in non-pregnant women. FTC concentrations 24 h after administration were lower in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women (0.054 vs. 0.079 mg l(-1) , P < 0.001) but still above the inhibitory concentration 50%.
conclusionsFTC CL/F was increased by 18% during pregnancy, reflecting a modified renal function with 50% increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate. However, the impact of this modified renal function on FTC pharmacokinetics was not sufficiently large to consider dose adjustments during pregnancy.
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