ArticleInfection and immunity1989
Calcium is required for the expression of anthrax lethal toxin activity in the macrophagelike cell line J774A.1.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1989. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Importance of Therapeutically Targeting the Binary Toxin fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Structure of the cell-binding component of theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- A Membrane Potential- and Calpain-Dependent Reversal of Caspase-1 Inhibition Regulates Canonical NLRP3 Inflammasome.Cell reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Cellular adaptation to anthrax lethal toxin-induced mitochondrial cholesterol enrichment, hyperpolarization, and reactive oxygen species generation through downregulating MLN64 in macrophages.Molecular and cellular biology · 2012Article
- Constitutive MEK1 activation rescues anthrax lethal toxin-induced vascular effects in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2009Review
- Anthrax lethal toxin and Salmonella elicit the common cell death pathway of caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis via distinct mechanisms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
- Anthrax lethal factor represses glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2003Article
- Anthrax edema toxin requires influx of calcium for inducing cyclic AMP toxicity in target cells.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Purification of anthrax edema factor from Escherichia coli and identification of residues required for binding to anthrax protective antigen.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- Expression and purification of the recombinant lethal factor of Bacillus anthracis.Infection and immunity · 1998Article
- Cytotoxic effects of anthrax lethal toxin on macrophage-like cell line J774A.1.Current microbiology · 1996Article
- Protein synthesis is required for expression of anthrax lethal toxin cytotoxicity.Infection and immunity · 1994Article
- Death at Sverdlovsk: what have we learned?The American journal of pathology · 1994Review
- Characterization of macrophage sensitivity and resistance to anthrax lethal toxin.Infection and immunity · 1993Article
- Biochemical and physiological changes induced by anthrax lethal toxin in J774 macrophage-like cells.Molecular biology of the cell · 1992Article
- Anthrax toxin protective antigen is activated by a cell surface protease with the sequence specificity and catalytic properties of furin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1992Article
- Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the lethal factor component of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin.Infection and immunity · 1990Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anthrax lethal toxin, which consists of two separate proteins, protective antigen (Mr, 82,700) and lethal factor (Mr, approximately 83,000), is cytotoxic to the macrophagelike cell line J774A.1. Removal of calcium from the culture medium protected cells against the action of lethal toxin. Calcium depletion during the binding phase of intoxication afforded only partial protection. Further analysis showed that calcium removal caused some inhibition of protective antigen binding but that it had minimal effect on proteolytic conversion of protective antigen to the active 63-kilodalton fragment and that it had no effect on lethal factor binding. Cells to which lethal toxin had bound in the presence of calcium were protected when transferred to calcium-depleted culture medium, indicating a role for calcium at a postbinding stage. When ammonium chloride is present with lethal toxin, toxin accumulates in intracellular vesicles. Calcium-free medium protected these cells upon removal of the amine block, suggesting that calcium is also required at a step after internalization of lethal toxin. Calcium channel blockers inhibited 45Ca2+ uptake and protected cells against cytotoxicity. Calmodulin inhibitors also protected against the action of lethal toxin, suggesting involvement of calmodulin at a step during intoxication. We conclude that calcium is required at several steps in the intoxication of cells by anthrax lethal toxin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.