ReviewJournal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia2014
Hormonal regulation of the immune microenvironment in the mammary gland.
Review in Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- An in utero exposure to the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol affects the fat pad composition in post-natal mammary glands.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- The Metabolic-Immune Axis: Amino Acids and Immune Cell Dynamics in Mammary Gland Development and Remodeling.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Tissue-resident memory T cells reshapeFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bridging pharmacovigilance and genetic insight: investigating drugs and indications for breast cancer risk in women with autoimmune diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- The rat mammary gland undergoes dynamic transcriptomic and lipidomic modifications from pre-puberty to adulthood.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sympathetic nerve signals: orchestrators of mammary development and stem cell vitality.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2024Article
- Macrophages maintain mammary stem cell activity and mammary homeostasis via TNF-α-PI3K-Cdk1/Cyclin B1 axis.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2023Article
- CCL2-Mediated Stromal Interactions Drive Macrophage Polarization to Increase Breast Tumorigenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Granulomatous mastitis (GM) in a young woman with a previous history of prolactin-secreting PitNET and actual normal prolactinemia.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Estrogen-induced immune changes within the normal mammary gland.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Prolactin: The Third Hormone in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Estrogen receptor-α signaling in post-natal mammary development and breast cancers.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Exposure to Propylparaben During Pregnancy and Lactation Induces Long-Term Alterations to the Mammary Gland in Mice.Endocrinology · 2021Article
- Common Childhood Viruses and Pubertal Timing: The LEGACY Girls Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Article
- The Cellular Organization of the Mammary Gland: Insights From Microscopy.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2021Review
- Proteoglycans in the Pathogenesis of Hormone-Dependent Cancers: Mediators and Effectors.Cancers · 2020Review
- Prolactin and Estradiol are Epigenetic Modulators in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells duringPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Membrane expression of the estrogen receptor ERα is required for intercellular communications in the mammary epithelium.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2020Article
- Shaping eosinophil identity in the tissue contexts of development, homeostasis, and disease.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is well established that the development and homeostasis of the mammary gland are highly dependent upon the actions of ovarian hormones progesterone and estrogen, as well as the availability of prolactin for the pregnant and lactating gland. More recently it has become apparent that immune system cells and cytokines play essential roles in both mammary gland development as well as breast cancer. Here, we review hormonal effects on mammary gland biology during puberty, menstrual cycling, pregnancy, lactation and involution, and dissect how hormonal control of the immune system may contribute to mammary development at each stage via cytokine secretion and recruitment of macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells and lymphocytes. Collectively, these alterations may create an immunotolerant or inflammatory immune environment at specific developmental stages or phases of the menstrual cycle. Of particular interest for further research is investigation of the combinatorial actions of progesterone and estrogen during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and key developmental points where the immune system may play an active role both in mammary development as well as in the creation of an immunotolerant environment, thereby affecting breast cancer risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.