ArticlePloS one2014
Will HIV vaccination reshape HIV risk behavior networks? A social network analysis of drug users' anticipated risk compensation.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of HIV self-testing on the number of sexual partners among female sex workers in Zambia.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Article
- Article
- Association between health behaviours and the COVID-19 vaccination: risk compensation among healthcare workers in Taizhou, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Risk compensation after HIV-1 vaccination may accelerate viral adaptation and reduce cost-effectiveness: a modeling study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Latent Risk Subtypes Based on Injection and Sexual Behavior Among People Who Inject Drugs in Rural Puerto Rico.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2018Article
- Network-Based Research on Rural Opioid Use: an Overview of Methods and Lessons Learned.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Epidemic potential by sexual activity distributions.Network science (Cambridge University Press) · 2017Article
- Relationship-level analysis of drug users' anticipated changes in risk behavior following HIV vaccination.AIDS care · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn HIV vaccine could substantially impact the epidemic. However, risk compensation (RC), or post-vaccination increase in risk behavior, could present a major challenge. The methodology used in previous studies of risk compensation has been almost exclusively individual-level in focus, and has not explored how increased risk behavior could affect the connectivity of risk networks. This study examined the impact of anticipated HIV vaccine-related RC on the structure of high-risk drug users' sexual and injection risk network.
methodsA sample of 433 rural drug users in the US provided data on their risk relationships (i.e., those involving recent unprotected sex and/or injection equipment sharing). Dyad-specific data were collected on likelihood of increasing/initiating risk behavior if they, their partner, or they and their partner received an HIV vaccine. Using these data and social network analysis, a "post-vaccination network" was constructed and compared to the current network on measures relevant to HIV transmission, including network size, cohesiveness (e.g., diameter, component structure, density), and centrality.
resultsParticipants reported 488 risk relationships. Few reported an intention to decrease condom use or increase equipment sharing (4% and 1%, respectively). RC intent was reported in 30 existing risk relationships and vaccination was anticipated to elicit the formation of five new relationships. RC resulted in a 5% increase in risk network size (n = 142 to n = 149) and a significant increase in network density. The initiation of risk relationships resulted in the connection of otherwise disconnected network components, with the largest doubling in size from five to ten.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates a new methodological approach to studying RC and reveals that behavior change following HIV vaccination could potentially impact risk network connectivity. These data will be valuable in parameterizing future network models that can determine if network-level change precipitated by RC would appreciably impact the vaccine's population-level effectiveness.
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