Trial reportPloS one2014
Maternal serum and breast milk vitamin D levels: findings from the Universiti Sains Malaysia Pregnancy Cohort Study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Nutrient intakes of pregnant and lactating women in Indonesia and Malaysia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D insufficiency is high in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on vitamin D status in Malaysia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Maternal antenatal vitamin D supplementation and offspring risk of atopic eczema in the first 4 years of life: evidence from a randomized controlled trial.The British journal of dermatology · 2022Trial
- Vitamin D Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Serum Concentration Among Pregnant Women Attending a Malaysian Tertiary Hospital.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship of second and third trimester vitamin D concentration and haemoglobin among rural Indian pregnant women.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Article
- Sulfated vitamin D metabolites represent prominent roles in serum and in breastmilk of lactating women.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2024Article
- Analysis of vitamin DJournal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2024Article
- Vitamin D in pediatric age: Current evidence, recommendations, and misunderstandings.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Quantification and reporting of vitamin D concentrations measured in human milk by LC-MS/MS.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Breastfeeding and vitamin D.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2022Article
- Different Vitamin D Supplementation Strategies in the First Years of Life: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Maternal diet, nutritional status and infant birth weight in Malaysia: a scoping review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- High early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, within a sub-optimal range, is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.Nutrition research and practice · 2022Article
- An Update on Vitamin D Deficiency Status in Malaysia.Nutrients · 2022Review
- MYBIOTA: A birth cohort on maternal and infant microbiota and its impact on infant health in Malaysia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Review
- Temporal association of maternal weight gain with early-term and preterm birth and low birth weight babies.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D deficiency has become a global health issue in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of maternal vitamin D status by measuring maternal serum and breast milk 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and to determine the association between maternal serum and milk 25(OH)D levels.
methodsData was obtained from the Universiti Sains Malaysia Pregnancy Cohort Study. This study was conducted from April 2010 to December 2012 in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia. Blood samples from pregnant women aged 19 to 40 years were drawn in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, while breast milk samples at delivery, 2, 6 and 12 months postpartum were collected to analyze for 25(OH)D levels. A total of 102 pregnant women were included in the analysis.
resultsVitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] was detected in 60% and 37% of women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. There were 6% and 23% of women who reached normal level of vitamin D status in the second trimester and the third trimester, respectively. Multivitamin intakes during pregnancy were significantly associated with higher serum 25(OH)D levels in the second trimester (β = 9.16, p = 0.005) and the third trimester (β = 13.65, p = 0.003). 25(OH)D levels in breast milk during the first year of lactation ranged from 1.01 to 1.26 nmol/L. Higher maternal serum 25(OH)D level in the second trimester of pregnancy was associated with an elevated level of 25(OH)D in breast milk at delivery (β = 0.002, p = 0.026).
conclusionsThis study shows that high proportions of Malay pregnant women are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Maternal vitamin D status in the second trimester of pregnancy was found to influence vitamin D level in breast milk at delivery.
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