ArticleShanghai archives of psychiatry2013
Effect of combined treatment with clozapine and metformin on fasting blood glucose, insulin level, and expression of the glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Article in Shanghai archives of psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- WTC rat has unique characteristics such as resistant to streptozotocin.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2016Article
- Double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of metformin as add-on treatment with clozapine in treatment of schizophrenia disorder.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAntipsychotic medications can cause an increase in blood glucose and the development of type II diabetes. Metformin may ameliorate these side effects.
objectiveAssess whether or not metformin reduces the abnormalities in glucose metabolism that occur with use of the antipsychotic clozapine.
methodsEighteen adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups that were intragastrically administered saline, clozapine (20 mg/kg), or a combination of clozapine (20 mg/kg) and metformin (78 mg/kg) for 28 days. Fasting blood glucose was assessed at baseline and every seven days thereafter. The animals were euthanized on the 28(th) day at which time aortic blood was obtained to assess blood insulin and C-peptide by radioimmunoassay, and pancreatic tissue samples were collected and used to determine the expression of the glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blot.
resultsFasting blood glucose in the clozapine group was significantly higher at the 14(th), 21(st), and 28(th) day compared to baseline, but rats receiving clozapine and metformin only had significantly elevated levels on the 14(th) day of treatment. However, repeated measures ANOVA found no statistically significant differences in blood glucose levels over time between the three groups (p=0.136). Multiple comparison tests found that the mean insulin level in the clozapine+metformin group was significantly lower than the levels in the clozapine and saline groups. There were statistically significant differences in the expression of GLUT2 mRNA (clozapine+metformin group < clozapine group < saline group) and in the expression of GLUT2 protein (clozapine+metformin group, clozapine group < saline group).
conclusionThis study found a non-significant increase in fasting blood glucose in SD rats treated with clozapine that was partially counteracted by concurrent administration of metformin. Rats administered clozapine showed the expected decrease in the expression of GLUT2, but concurrent administration of metformin and clozapine for 28 days did not show the expected normalization of the expression levels of GLUT2.
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