Trial reportAmerican journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology2015
Fibroblast growth factor 2 is required for epithelial recovery, but not for pulmonary fibrosis, in response to bleomycin.
Trial report in American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a bibliometric analysis of 2004-2024.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- The Therapeutic Efficacy of Inhaled Vitamin D3 Metabolites Initiated During the Acute Phase of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: An In Vivo Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting early pulmonary fibrosis with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes: a comparative study of inhalation versus injection delivery in bleomycin-induced rat lung injury.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Latent transforming growth factor binding protein-2 (LTBP2), an IPF biomarker of clinical decline, promotes TGF-beta signaling and lung fibrosis in mice.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Recent advances in pulmonary fibrosis: from lung surfactant to the immune connection.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Regenerative therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Roll with the punches: Fibroblast growth factor 10 alleviates pyroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in different immune niches.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- FGF2 alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis in AT2 cells via the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A deep generative model for deciphering cellular dynamics and in silico drug discovery in complex diseases.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- A Unified Map of Airway Interactions: Secretome and Mechanotransduction Loops from Development to Disease.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Review
- Fibroblast Growth Factors in Lung Development and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Cells · 2025Review
- Latent transforming growth factor binding protein-2 (LTBP2), an IPF biomarker of clinical decline, promotes TGF-beta signaling and lung fibrosis in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- FGF2 is secreted in extracellular vesicles from lung cells.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- The Genetics behind Sulfation: Impact on Airway Remodeling.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Fibroblast growth factor signaling in macrophage polarization: impact on health and diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- TAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fibroblast growth factor 2 acts as an upstream regulator of inhibition of pulmonary fibroblast activation.FEBS open bio · 2023Article
- Rhinovirus induces airway remodeling: what are the physiological consequences?Respiratory research · 2023Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis involves lung epithelial injury and aberrant proliferation of fibroblasts, and results in progressive pulmonary scarring and declining lung function. In vitro, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 promotes myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation in cooperation with the profibrotic growth factor, transforming growth factor-β1, but the in vivo requirement for FGF2 in the development of pulmonary fibrosis is not known. The bleomycin model of lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis was applied to Fgf2 knockout (Fgf2(-/-)) and littermate control mice. Weight loss, mortality, pulmonary fibrosis, and histology were analyzed after a single intranasal dose of bleomycin. Inflammation was evaluated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and epithelial barrier integrity was assessed by measuring BAL protein and Evans Blue dye permeability. Fgf2 is expressed in mouse and human lung epithelial and inflammatory cells, and, in response to bleomycin, Fgf2(-/-) mice have significantly increased mortality and weight loss. Analysis of BAL fluid and histology show that pulmonary fibrosis is unaltered, but Fgf2(-/-) mice fail to efficiently resolve inflammation, have increased BAL cellularity, and, importantly, deficient recovery of epithelial integrity. Fgf2(-/-) mice similarly have deficient recovery of club cell secretory protein(+) bronchial epithelium in response to naphthalene. We conclude that FGF2 is not required for bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but rather is essential for epithelial repair and maintaining epithelial integrity after bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice. These data identify that FGF2 acts as a protective growth factor after lung epithelial injury, and call into question the role of FGF2 as a profibrotic growth factor in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.