ArticleMicrobiome2014
The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term.
Article in Microbiome, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03519763 (Endometrial and Isthmic Microbiota During IVF Stimulation in Patients Affected With Isthmocele and Intrauterine Mucus Secretion After C-section.), which is not on this map. Cited by 230 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Endometrial and Isthmic Microbiota During IVF Stimulation in Patients Affected With Isthmocele and Intrauterine Mucus Secretion After C-section.
Who cites it
230 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 429 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis reveals the vaginal microbiome is a better predictor of earlier than later preterm birth.BMC biology · 2023Pooled it
- Antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis to prevent preterm delivery: Systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2023Pooled it
- The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Oral ProbioticNutrients · 2020Trial
- Longitudinal changes in the vaginal microbiome associate with spontaneous preterm birth: a focus on stability and specific taxa in a Chinese cohort.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Vaginal microbiome composition in pregnant and non-pregnant women: community structure, population variation, clinical impact, and metagenomics approaches.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Vaginal microbiomes and their pertinent social context: a microbial ecological review proffering AMR-STI acquisition and emergence.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Vaginal Microbiome and Preterm Birth in Pregnant Women From India.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Article
- The Pathophysiology of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: Emerging Mechanisms Reviewed by the Preterm Birth International Collaborative.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Association of vaginal microbiome, cytokines, and spontaneous preterm birth among Chinese women: a nested case-control study.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- The vaginal microbiome in pregnancy and preterm birth: mechanisms, disparities, and therapeutic opportunities.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Optimising Vaginal Microbiome Profiling for Clinical Translation: A Comparative Assessment of Sample Storage Methods and a Vagina-Specific 16S rRNA Gene Database.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Vaginal microbiota in assisted reproduction: determinants, dynamics, and impact on clinical outcomes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Vaginal microbiome structure in pregnancy and host factors predict preterm birth: Results from the ECHO Cohort.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Vaginal microbiome and preterm birth: Composition, mechanisms and microbiota‑directed therapies (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Gynecological Cancer Oncobiome Systematic Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- The Hygienic Significance of Microbiota and Probiotics for Human Wellbeing.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing of vaginal microbiomes with the Oxford Nanopore technology enables the reliable determination of vaginal community state types and broad community structures.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Vaginal host immune-microbiome-metabolite interactions associated with spontaneous preterm birth in a predominantly white cohort.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Effects of the sampling time on the vaginal microbiota in healthy pregnant women: a prospective observational study.AJOG global reports · 2025Article
170 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study was undertaken to determine whether the vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently had a spontaneous preterm delivery is different from that of women who had a term delivery.
resultsThis was a nested case-control study of pregnant women who had a term delivery (controls) and those who had a spontaneous preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation (cases). Samples of vaginal fluid were collected longitudinally and stored at -70°C until assayed. A microbial survey using pyrosequencing of V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes was performed. We tested the hypothesis of whether the relative abundance of individual microbial species (phylotypes) was different between women who had a term versus preterm delivery. A suite of bioinformatic and statistical tools, including linear mixed effects models and generalized estimating equations, was used. We show that: 1) the composition of the vaginal microbiota during normal pregnancy changed as a function of gestational age, with an increase in the relative abundance of four Lactobacillus spp., and decreased in anaerobe or strict-anaerobe microbial species as pregnancy progressed; 2) no bacterial taxa differed in relative abundance between women who had a spontaneous preterm delivery and those who delivered at term; and 3) no differences in the frequency of the vaginal community state types (CST I, III, IV-B) between women who delivered at term and those who delivered preterm were detected.
conclusionsThe bacterial taxa composition and abundance of vaginal microbial communities, characterized with 16S rRNA gene sequence-based techniques, were not different in pregnant women who subsequently delivered a preterm neonate versus those who delivered at term.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.