ArticleAnnals of thoracic medicine2014
Interleukin-6 and procalcitonin as biomarkers in mortality prediction of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia.
Article in Annals of thoracic medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of procalcitonin in pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2016Pooled it
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Dynamic cytokine monitoring enhances CAP severity scores in elderly patients: a prospective pilot study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Prediction of Hyperinflammatory Phenotypes in Critically Ill Patients via Routine Clinical Data and IL-6: Towards Personalized Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multiplex Targeted Proteomic Analysis of Cytokine Ratios for ICU Mortality in Severe COVID-19.Proteomes · 2025Article
- TGFB2 Expression and Methylation Predict Overall Survival in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in elderly ICU patients with severe pneumonia: a retrospective analysis of biomarker dynamics.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- A Review on Risk Factors, Traditional Diagnostic Techniques, and Biomarkers for Pneumonia Prognostication and Management in Diabetic Patients.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Dipeptidyl-peptidase 3 and IL-6: potential biomarkers for diagnostics in COVID-19 and association with pulmonary infiltrates.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Observational
- Childhood Pneumonia: What's Unchanged, and What's New?Indian journal of pediatrics · 2023Review
- Novel protein biomarkers for pneumonia and acute exacerbations in COPD: a pilot study.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Efficacy of a paper-based interleukin-6 test strip combined with a spectrum-based optical reader for sequential monitoring and early recognition of respiratory failure in elderly pneumonia-a pilot study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Pinocembrin Relieves Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection‑Induced Pneumonia in Mice Through the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Prognostic Value of Plasma Presepsin and Pneumonia Severity Index in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Emergency Department.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Biomarkers during COVID-19: Mechanisms of Change and Implications for Patient Outcomes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Interleukin-6 in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- A literature review of severity scores for adults with influenza or community-acquired pneumonia - implications for influenza vaccines and therapeutics.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
- Pneumonia Severity in Children: Utility of Procalcitonin in Risk Stratification.Hospital pediatrics · 2021Article
- Utilization of serum procalcitonin as a biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of children with bacterial hospital-acquired pneumonia.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
- Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein might determine the severity and the presences of major/minor criteria for severe community-acquired pneumonia and best predicted mortality.Respiratory research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCommunity acquired pneumonia (CAP) may present as life-threatening infection with uncertain progression and outcome of treatment. Primary aim of the trial was determination of the cut-off value of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) above which, 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with CAP, could be predicted with high sensitivity and specificity. We investigated correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and PCT at admission and available scoring systems of CAP (pneumonia severity index-PSI, modified early warning score-MEWS and (Confusion, Urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, Blood pressure, ≥65 years of age-CURB65).
methodsThis was prospective, non-randomized trial which included 101 patients with diagnosed CAP. PSI, MEWS and CURB65 were assessed on first day of hospitalization. IL-6 and PCT were also sampled on the first day of hospitalization.
resultsBased on ROC curve analysis (AUC ± SE = 0.934 ± 0.035; 95%CI(0.864-1.0); P = 0.000) hospitalized CAP patients with elevated IL-6 level have 93.4% higher risk level for lethal outcome. Cut-off value of 20.2 pg/ml IL-6 shows sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 87% in mortality prediction. ROC curve analysis confirmed significant role of procalcitonin as a mortality predictor in CAP patients (AUC ± SE = 0.667 ± 0.062; 95%CI(0.546-0.789); P = 0.012). Patients with elevated PCT level have 66.7% higher risk level for lethal outcome. As a predictor of mortality at the cut-off value of 2.56 ng/ml PCT shows sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 61.8%.
conclusionsBoth IL-6 and PCI are significant for prediction of 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with CAP. Serum levels of IL6 correlate with major CAP scoring systems.
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