Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24987467›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2014

The association of angiotensin-converting enzyme with biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.

Hadassa M Jochemsen, Charlotte E Teunissen, Emma L Ashby, Wiesje M van der Flier, Ruth E Jones, Mirjam I Geerlings, Philip Scheltens, Patrick G Kehoe, Majon Muller

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. sPDGFRβ and neuroinflammation are associated with AD biomarkers and differ by race: The ASCEND Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Hadassa M JochemsenAlzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical center, ZKH 4A.35, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands ; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Charlotte E TeunissenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Neurological Laboratory, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Emma L AshbyDementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol BS16 1LE, UK.
Wiesje M van der FlierAlzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical center, ZKH 4A.35, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Ruth E JonesDementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol BS16 1LE, UK.
Mirjam I GeerlingsJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Philip ScheltensAlzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical center, ZKH 4A.35, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Patrick G KehoeDementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol BS16 1LE, UK.
Majon MullerDepartment of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Neuroscience · NLUniversity of Bristol · GBAmsterdam UMC Location VUmc · NLFrenchay Hospital · GBLeiden University Medical Center · NLUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLower angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity could increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as ACE functions to degrade amyloid-β (Aβ). Therefore, we investigated whether ACE protein and activity levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were associated with CSF Aβ, total tau (tau) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (ptau).

methodsWe included 118 subjects from our memory clinic-based Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (mean age 66 ± 8 years) with subjective memory complaints (n = 40) or AD (n = 78), who did not use antihypertensive drugs. We measured ACE protein levels (ng/ml) and activity (RFU) in CSF and serum, and amyloid β1-42, tau and ptau (pg/ml) in CSF.

resultsCross-sectional regression analyses showed that ACE protein level and activity in CSF and serum were lower in patients with AD compared to controls. Lower CSF ACE protein level, and to a lesser extent serum ACE protein level and CSF ACE activity, were associated with lower CSF Aβ, indicating more brain Aβ pathology; adjusted regression coefficients (B) (95% CI) per SD increase were 0.09 (0.04; 0.15), 0.06 (0.00; 0.12) and 0.05 (0.00; 0.11), respectively. Further, lower CSF ACE protein level was associated with lower CSF tau and ptau levels; adjusted B's (95% CI) per SD increase were 0.15 (0.06; 0.25) and 0.17 (0.10; 0.25), respectively.

conclusionsThese results strengthen the hypothesis that ACE degrades Aβ. This could suggest that lowering ACE levels by for example ACE-inhibitors might have adverse consequences for patients with, or at risk for AD.

Identifiers

PMID24987467
PMCPMC4075229
OpenAlexW2155868677

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.