ReviewIndian journal of pharmacology
Animal use in pharmacology education and research: the changing scenario.
Review in Indian journal of pharmacology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed.
- Liver Disease and Plant-Derived Phytoconstituents: From Ethnopharmacology to Modern Medicine.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Review
- Reimagining pharmacology education.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Repurposing lusutrombopag: unveiling anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity in a novel oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Virtual Pharmacology Lecture, Attendance and Performance: Personal Experience With Veterinary Students of the University of BUEA, Southwest Cameroon.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
- Traditional Chinese Manual Therapy (Tuina) Improves Knee Osteoarthritis by Regulating Chondrocyte Autophagy and Apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway: An in vivo Rat Experiment and Machine Learning Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Alternatives to animal models to study bacterial infections.Folia microbiologica · 2023Review
- Validation of portable electronic equipment (AccutrendJournal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2023Article
- Face-to-face and online teaching experience on experimental animals and alternative methods with nursing students: a research study.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- Feral pharmaceuticalization-Biomedical uses of animal life in light of the global donkey hide trade.BioSocieties · 2023Article
- Looking into the Eyes-In Vitro Models for Ocular Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Role of animal models in biomedical research: a review.Laboratory animal research · 2022Review
- Sinapicacid Inhibits Group IIA Secretory Phospholipase AAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Safety evaluation of antibacterial and analgesic autoinjector devices for rapid administration during emergency situations: a crossover study in rabbits.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
- Experimental Applications and Factors Involved in Validating Thermal Windows Using Infrared Thermography to Assess the Health and Thermostability of Laboratory Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Bioengineered microfluidic blood-brain barrier models in oncology research.Translational oncology · 2021Review
- Recent Advances inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Role of model organisms and nanocompounds in human health risk assessment.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Review
- Mathematical modeling of zebrafish social behavior in response to acute caffeine administration.Frontiers in applied mathematics and statistics · 2021Article
- Review
- Three-Dimensional Human Cell Culture Models to Study the Pathophysiology of the Anterior Eye.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of animals in research and education dates back to the period when humans started to look for ways to prevent and cure ailments. Most of present day's drug discoveries were possible because of the use of animals in research. The dilemma to continue animal experiments in education and research continues with varied and confusing guidelines. However, the animal use and their handling vary in each laboratory and educational institution. It has been reported that the animals are being subjected to painful procedures in education and training unnecessarily. The extensive use of animals in toxicity studies and testing dermatological preparations has raised concerns about the ways animals are sacrificed for these "irrelevant experiments". On the other side of the coin are scientists who advocate the relevant and judicious use of animals in research so that new discoveries can continue. In this review, we discuss the evolution of the use of animals in education and research and how these have been affected in recent times owing to concerns from animal lovers and government regulations. A number of computer simulation and other models have been recommended for use as alternatives to use of animals for pharmacology education. In this review we also discuss some of these alternatives.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.