ArticleCirculation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes2014
Prediction of 30-year risk for cardiovascular mortality by fitness and risk factor levels: the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study.
Article in Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pitfalls in Developing Machine Learning Models for Predicting Cardiovascular Diseases: Challenge and Solutions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Prospective Study of the Impact of Outpatient Intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation on Diet Quality, Health-related Quality of Life, and Cardiovascular Health Indices.The American journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- Appraisal of Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Biomarkers, and Ocular Imaging in Cardiovascular Risk Prediction.Current cardiology reviews · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular mortality risk prediction using objectively measured physical activity phenotypes in NHANES 2003-2006.Preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- Relationship Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Baseline Blood Pressure and Hypertensive Response to Exercise in the Ferrari Corporate Population.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Vital Signs for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment.Current cardiology reports · 2021Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2021Article
- Cardiorespiratory fitness improves prediction of mortality of standard cardiovascular risk scores in a Latino population.Clinical cardiology · 2020Article
- Aerobic capacity is associated with disease activity and cardiovascular risk factors in early rheumatoid arthritis.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2020Article
- Physical fitness in survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2019Article
- Normative Values for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Testing Among US Children Aged 6-11 years.Pediatric exercise science · 2017Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2017Review
- Observational
- Improved reclassification of mortality risk by assessment of physical activity in patients referred for exercise testing.The American journal of medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFitness and traditional risk factors have well-known associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in both short-term (10 years) and across the remaining lifespan. However, currently available short-term and long-term risk prediction tools do not incorporate measured fitness. METHODS AND
resultsWe included 16 533 participants from the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study (CCLS) without prior CVD. Fitness was measured using the Balke protocol. Sex-specific fitness levels were derived from the Balke treadmill times and categorized into low, intermediate, and high fit according to age- and sex-specific treadmill times. Sex-specific 30-year risk estimates for CVD death adjusted for competing risk of non-CVD death were estimated using the cause-specific hazards model and included age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fitness, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, and smoking. During a median follow-up period of 28 years, there were 1123 CVD deaths. The 30-year risk estimates for CVD mortality derived from the cause-specific hazards model demonstrated overall good calibration (Nam-D'Agostino χ(2) [men, P=0.286; women, P=0.664] and discrimination (c statistic; men, 0.81 [0.80-0.82] and women, 0.86 [0.82-0.91]). Across all risk factor strata, the presence of low fitness was associated with a greater 30-year risk for CVD death.
conclusionsFitness represents an important additional covariate in 30-year risk prediction functions that may serve as a useful tool in clinical practice.
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