Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24984878›Full record

ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2014

Switching between menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes: findings from the U.S. Cohort of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey.

Karin A Kasza, Andrew J Hyland, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Lisa M Vogl, Jiping Chen, Sarah E Evans, Geoffrey T Fong, Kenneth Michael Cummings, Richard J O'Connor

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Reduced Exposure to Harmful and Potentially Harmful Smoke Constituents With the Tobacco Heating System 2.1.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017
    Trial
  5. Article
  6. The Relative Reinforcing Value of Menthol Among Young Adult Cigarette Smokers: Results From a Behavioral Choice Task.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Menthol and Mint Cigarettes and Cigars: Initiation and Progression in Youth, Young Adults and Adults in Waves 1-4 of the PATH Study, 2013-2017.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
  10. A Longitudinal Examination of Behavioral Transitions among Young Adult Menthol and Non-Menthol Cigarette Smokers Using a Three-State Markov Model.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
  11. Health Care Utilization of Menthol and Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. In Their Own Words: Young Adults' Menthol Cigarette Initiation, Perceptions, Experiences and Regulation Perspectives.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. The Association of Menthol Cigarette Use With Quit Attempts, Successful Cessation, and Intention to Quit Across Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Influence of the Flavored Cigarette Ban on Adolescent Tobacco Use.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Karin A KaszaDivision of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; karin.kasza@roswellpark.org.
Andrew J HylandDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY;
Maansi Bansal-TraversDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY;
Lisa M VoglDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY;
Jiping ChenCenter for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD;
Sarah E EvansCenter for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD;
Geoffrey T FongDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
Kenneth Michael CummingsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Richard J O'ConnorDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY;
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center · USFood and Drug Administration · THMedical University of South Carolina · USOntario Institute for Cancer Research · CAUnited States Food and Drug Administration · US

Funding

Two-Spirit Films in Indigenous Cancer HealthP30CA016056 · NCI · ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP · PI Christine B. Ambrosone · 1985 to 2026
$116.6M
Variation in Cigarettes, Tobacco use Behaviors and Exposures in ITC CountriesP01CA138389 · NCI · ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP · PI THOMPSON, MARY · 2009 to 2013
$13.4M
International Tobacco Policy SurveyR01CA100362 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2005 to 2013
$4.7M
Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation in China and South Korea: The ITC Asia ProjectR01CA125116 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2007 to 2011
$2.8M
Cancer Research UK C312/A11039Cancer Research UK C312/A3726Cancer Research UK C312/A6465CIHR 115016CIHR 57897CIHR 79551NCI NIH HHS P01 CA138389NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016056NCI NIH HHS P50 CA111326NCI NIH HHS R01 CA100362NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125116NIDA NIH HHS HHSN271201100027C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis article examines trends in switching between menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes, smoker characteristics associated with switching, and associations among switching, indicators of nicotine dependence, and quitting activity.

methodsParticipants were 5,932 U.S. adult smokers who were interviewed annually as part of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey between 2002 and 2011. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to examine the prevalence of menthol cigarette use and switching between menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes (among 3,118 smokers who participated in at least 2 consecutive surveys). We also evaluated characteristics associated with menthol cigarette use and associations among switching, indicators of nicotine dependence, and quitting activity using GEEs.

resultsAcross the entire study period, 27% of smokers smoked menthol cigarettes; prevalence was highest among Blacks (79%), young adults (36%), and females (30%). Prevalence of switching between menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes was low (3% switched to menthol and 8% switched to nonmenthol), and switchers tended to revert back to their previous type. Switching types was not associated with indicators of nicotine dependence or quit attempts. However, those who switched cigarette brands within cigarette types were more likely to attempt to quit smoking.

conclusionsWhile overall switching rates were low, the percentage who switched from menthol to nonmenthol was significantly higher than the percentage who switched from nonmenthol to menthol. An asymmetry was seen in patterns of switching such that reverting back to menthol was more common than reverting back to nonmenthol, particularly among Black smokers.

Indexed as

MentholAdolescentAdultBlack or African AmericanFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSmokingSmoking CessationTobacco ProductsTobacco Use DisorderUnited StatesYoung AdultMenthol

Identifiers

PMID24984878
PMCPMC4184400
OpenAlexW2335726630

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.