ArticlePloS one2014
Association between exposure to HSV1 and cognitive functioning in a general population of adolescents. The TRAILS study.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herpes simplex virus: global infection prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2020Pooled it
- Antiviral treatment in schizophrenia: a randomized pilot PET study on the effects of valaciclovir on neuroinflammation.Psychological medicine · 2023Trial
- The effect of peer victimisation on cognitive development in childhood: evidence for mediation via inflammation.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Associations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with inflammatory diseases. Results from the nationwide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS).Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2024Article
- RNA-Seq time-course analysis of neural precursor cell transcriptome in response to herpes simplex Virus-1 infection.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of indoor dust microbiota with cognitive function and behavior in preschool-aged children.Microbiome · 2023Article
- The association of systemic inflammation and cognitive functions of pre-school aged children residing in aFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Variations in Aspects of Neural Precursor Cell Neurogenesis in a Human Model of HSV-1 Infection.Organogenesis · 2022Article
- Associations of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Learning Disability, and Special Education in US Children.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Investigating whether depressed youth exhibiting elevated C reactive protein perform worse on measures of executive functioning, verbal fluency and episodic memory in a large, population based sample of Dutch adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Exposure to Epstein Barr virus and cognitive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
- The Hippocampal Vulnerability to Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Impairment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and academic performance in adolescents: DADOS study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Inflammation and Cognition in Children and Adolescents: A Call for Action.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Article
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Infection: Associations with Inflammation and Cognitive Aging in Relation to Schizophrenia.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2020Review
- Infection with Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and sleep: The dog that did not bark.Psychiatry research · 2019Article
- Emotion discrimination in humans: Its association with HSV-1 infection and its improvement with antiviral treatment.Schizophrenia research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfections with different herpes viruses have been associated with cognitive functioning in psychiatric patients and healthy adults. The aim of this study was to find out whether antibodies to different herpes viruses are prospectively associated with cognitive functioning in a general adolescent population.
methodsThis study was performed in TRAILS, a large prospective general population cohort (N = 1084, 54% female, mean age 16.2 years (SD 0.6)). At age 16, immunoglobulin G antibodies against HSV1, HSV2, CMV and EBV were measured next to high sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP). Two years later, immediate memory and executive functioning were assessed using the 15 words task and the self ordered pointing task. Multiple linear regression analysis with bootstrapping was performed to study the association between viral infections and cognitive function, adjusting for gender, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and cannabis use.
resultsPresence of HSV1 antibodies was associated with memory function ((B = -0.272, 95% CI = -0.556 to -0.016, p = 0.047)), while the association with executive functioning did not reach statistical significance (B = 0.560, 95% CI is -0.053 to 1.184, p = 0.075). The level of HSV1 antibodies was associated with both memory function (B = -0.160, 95% CI = -0.280 to -0.039, p = 0.014) and executive functioning (B = 0.296, 95% CI = 0.011 to 0.578, p = 0.046). Other herpes viruses and hsCRP were not associated with cognitive functioning.
conclusionsBoth presence and level of HSV1 antibodies are prospectively associated with reduced cognitive performance in a large cohort of adolescents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.