SynthesisPloS one2014
Aerobic exercise for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of physical activity on Parkinson's disease outcomes in patients with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise as a potent antidepressant intervention in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Physical exercise and its effects on people with Parkinson's disease: Umbrella review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis of 13,878 patients.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Endurance Training on Motor Signs of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical effectiveness of self-management interventions in Parkinson's disease.BMC geriatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of aerobic and resistance training on the motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Gait parameters of Parkinson's disease compared with healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review on strength training in Parkinson's disease: an unsolved question.Clinical interventions in aging · 2017Pooled it
- Parkinson's disease, aerobic exercise and photobiomodulation: a randomised controlled trial.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Trial
- Feasibility and potential effectiveness of an exergame program for people with moderate to advanced Parkinson's disease: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Trial
- Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical exercise increases postural sway in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind and cross-over study.Experimental brain research · 2025Trial
- Task-oriented circuit training combined with aerobic training improves motor performance and balance in people with Parkinson's Disease.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2021Trial
- The cyclical lower extremity exercise for Parkinson's trial (CYCLE): methodology for a randomized controlled trial.BMC neurology · 2015Trial
- Design of the Park-in-Shape study: a phase II double blind randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of exercise on motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.BMC neurology · 2015Trial
- Comparative effects of Baduanjin versus brisk walking on postural control and multidimensional functions in early-to-mid-stage Parkinson's Disease: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurologyTrial
- Enviromimetics: From exercise mimetics to cognitomimetics in the quest for enhanced brain health and cognition.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- The effects of aerobic exercise on quality of life and motor function in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Pilot randomised controlled trial of a novel form of exercise on parkinsonism symptoms.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- Functional remapping in networks of the Parkinsonian brain: A preclinical neuroimaging perspective with clinical correlates.Translational neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough some trials assessed the effectiveness of aerobic exercise for Parkinson's disease (PD), the role of aerobic exercise in the management of PD remained controversial.
objectiveThe purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence about whether aerobic exercise is effective for PD.
methodsSeven electronic databases, up to December 2013, were searched to identify relevant studies. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality based on PEDro scale. Standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of random-effects model were calculated. And heterogeneity was assessed based on the I2 statistic.
results18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 901 patients were eligible. The aggregated results suggested that aerobic exercise should show superior effects in improving motor actions (SMD, -0.57; 95% CI -0.94 to -0.19; p = 0.003), balance (SMD, 2.02; 95% CI 0.45 to 3.59; p = 0.01), and gait (SMD, 0.33; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.49; p<0.0001) in patients with PD, but not in quality of life (SMD, 0.11; 95% CI -0.23 to 0.46; p = 0.52). And there was no valid evidence on follow-up effects of aerobic exercise for PD.
conclusionAerobic exercise showed immediate beneficial effects in improving motor action, balance, and gait in patients with PD. However, given no evidence on follow-up effects, large-scale RCTs with long follow-up are warrant to confirm the current findings.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.