ReviewJournal of neurovirology2014
CNS demyelinating disorder with mixed features of neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis in HIV-1 infection. Case report and literature review.
Review in Journal of neurovirology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do Antiretroviral Drugs Protect From Multiple Sclerosis by Inhibiting Expression of MS-Associated Retrovirus?Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Fingolimod increases cellular resistance to HIV-1 infection and limits viral reservoir size in peripheral CD4+ T-cells.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Nucleoside-Analog Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) Against Multiple Sclerosis: Comprehensive Review on a Possible Novel Therapeutic Approach.Neurology international · 2026Review
- The Role of Microorganisms in the Etiopathogenesis of Demyelinating Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- [Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Article
- Interaction of the viral infectious agents in the development and exacerbation of the multiple sclerosis.Le infezioni in medicina · 2023Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus and multiple sclerosis: a review of the literature.Neurological research and practice · 2019Review
- Viruses and endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis: From correlation to causation.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2017Review
- Neurological manifestations, laboratory and neuroimaging features in HIV-infected patients.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2017Article
- Differential diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2017Review
- HIV and decreased risk of multiple sclerosis: role of low CD4+ lymphocyte count and male prevalence.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Article
- Multiple sclerosis and HIV-1 infection: case report of a HIV controller.Journal of neurovirology · 2015Article
- Multiple sclerosis remission following antiretroviral therapy in an HIV-infected man.Journal of neurovirology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An African-American male presented with bilateral visual impairment, gait difficulties, and bladder and bowel incontinence raising concerns for multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO). He was identified to be HIV-1 infected with high viral load and low CD4+ counts. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was abnormal, but atypical for MS. MRI of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord showed multiple areas of myelitis with a longitudinally extensive thoracic transverse myelitis that showed enhancement with gadolinium suggestive of NMO. Cerebrospinal fluid showed oligoclonal IgG bands but did not show reactivity to aquaporin 4. Patient underwent treatment for the acute exacerbation with intravenous corticosteroids and treatment of the HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). A year later, his viral load was <20 copies/ml and CD4+ counts were normal. Vision did not significantly improve, but his ambulation improved from a near total non-ambulatory state to ambulating without aids and resolution of the bladder and bowel incontinence. A demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) like MS or NMO has been previously reported in the context of HIV infection. The remarkable improvement of symptoms has also been previously reported with HAART, and these observations have led to clinical trials of MS with HAART therapy in the absence of HIV infection. We reviewed the few cases of CNS demyelinating disorders with HIV infection reported in the literature and speculate on the mechanisms of pathogenesis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.