ArticlePloS one2014
SGA children with moderate catch-up growth are showing the impaired insulin secretion at the age of 4.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in neonates and children born SGA. A systematic review and metanalysis.Endocrine · 2025Pooled it
- Catch-Up Growth in Full-Term Small for Gestational Age Infants: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Pooled it
- The Contribution of Ultrasound and Doppler Studies on Impaired Intrauterine Conditions and the Development of Future Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Reactive oxygen species in fetal growth restriction mechanisms and therapeutic directions (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The associations between maternal glycolipid metabolism and fetal growth in term births.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Infants Varies by Maternal Weight.Metabolites · 2024Article
- [Short stature due to intrauterine growth retardation. Clinical and hormonal-metabolic features, possibilities of growth-stimulating therapy].Problemy endokrinologii · 2022Article
- Exosomal miRNA Profile in Small-for-Gestational-Age Children: A Potential Biomarker for Catch-Up Growth.Genes · 2022Article
- Early-life weight gain patterns of term small-for-gestational-age infants and the predictive ability for later childhood overweight/obesity: A prospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The Price of Surviving on Adrenaline: Developmental Programming Responses to Chronic Fetal Hypercatecholaminemia Contribute to Poor Muscle Growth Capacity and Metabolic Dysfunction in IUGR-Born Offspring.Frontiers in animal science · 2021Article
- The effect of dietary lipid quality in early life on serum LysoPC(18:2) levels and their association with adult blood glucose levels in intrauterine growth restricted rats.Nutrition & metabolism · 2021Article
- The Role of Cellular Stress in Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Postnatal Dysmetabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- New Horizons in Short Children Born Small for Gestational Age.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Small for Gestational Age Preterm Neonates Exhibit Defective GH/IGF1 Signaling Pathway.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Mismatch between poor fetal growth and rapid postnatal weight gain in the first 2 years of life is associated with higher blood pressure and insulin resistance without increased adiposity in childhood: the GUSTO cohort study.International journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Medicines prescribed for asthma, discontinuation and perinatal outcomes, including breastfeeding: A population cohort analysis.PloS one · 2020Article
- Reduced size at birth and persisting reductions in adiposity in recent, compared with earlier, cohorts of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.Diabetologia · 2019Observational
- Biochemistry, hormones and adipocytokines in prepubertal children born with IUGR evoke metabolic, hepatic and renal derangements.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Birth weight and catch up growth are associated with childhood impulsivity in two independent cohorts.Scientific reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBeing born small for gestational age (SGA) is a risk factor for later development of type 2 diabetes. The development of glucose tolerance disorders in adults involves insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
objectiveTo evaluate insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in a 4-yr old cohort of SGA.
methods85 children were prospectively followed from mid-gestation to 4 years of age. Fetal growth velocity (FGV) was measured using ultrasound measurements. Body composition and hormonal profile were measured at birth, 1 and 4 years.
results23 SGA babies had lower birth weight compared to 62 AGA (-1.9±0.3 vs. -0.6±0.8 z-score; p<0.0001) and they were thinner at birth (ponderal index 24.8±1.8 vs. 26.3±3.1 kg/m3; p = 0.01 and fat mass 11±2.6 vs. 12.9±3.1%; p = 0.01). No significant differences in other measured metabolic and hormonal parameters were observed between two groups at birth. SGA infants experienced an early catch-up growth in weight (mean gain of 1.1±0.6 SD) during the first year of life. At 4 years, SGA children remain lighter than AGA, but with weight z-score in the normal range (-0.1±1.3 vs. 0.5±1.3 z-score; p = 0.05). No excess of fat mass was observed (19±4.8 vs. 19.7±4.1%; p = 0.45). 120-min plasma glucose was significantly higher (6.2±1.1 vs. 5.6±0.9 mmol/l; p = 0.006) and insulinogenic index was significantly lower (0.28±0.15 vs. 0.40±2.4; p = 0.02) in the SGA group at 4-yrs of life contrasting with a preserved insulin sensitivity (QUICKI 0.47±0.09 vs. 0.43±0.05; p = 0.06).
conclusionSGA children with compensatory catch-up growth in first year of life show mild disturbances of glucose tolerance associated to a lower insulinogenic index at 4-yrs of age suggesting impairment of β-cell function.
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